Carbon and its Compounds

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering bonding, allotropes, homologous series, and chemical properties from Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds.

The earth's crust has only __________ carbon in the form of minerals such as carbonates, coal, and petroleum.

$$0.02\%$$

In 1828, Friedrich Wöhler disproved the 'vital force' theory by preparing urea from __________.

ammonium cyanate

The unique ability of carbon to form bonds with other atoms of carbon, giving rise to large molecules, is called __________.

catenation

In diamond, each carbon atom is bonded to __________ other carbon atoms forming a rigid three-dimensional structure.

four

Successive members of a homologous series differ from each other by a __________ unit.

$$-\text{CH}_2-$$

The general chemical formula representing the homologous series of alkenes is __________.

$$\text{C}_n\text{H}_{2n}$$

A $5\text{--}8\%$ solution of acetic acid in water is called __________.

vinegar

The melting point of pure ethanoic acid is __________, which leads to it often freezing during winter in cold climates.

$$290\,\text{K}$$

Heating ethanol at $443\,\text{K}$ with excess concentrated sulphuric acid dehydrates it to yield __________.

ethene

In water, soap molecules arrange themselves into spherical structures called __________, where the hydrophobic tails are in the interior and the ionic ends remain on the surface.

micelles