Nazi Social, Economic and Racial Policy

How long were men (aged 18-25) required to work in the National Labour Service Corps (RAD)?

6 months

Provide the German word for the motorways that Hitler's programme intended to build 7000km of.

Autobahns

Give two examples of groups that were not counted as part of Nazi unemployment figures.

Jews; Unmarried men <25 forced to RAD; Women dismissed or leaving to marry; Nazi opponents in concentration camps

After conscription was reintroduced in 1935, what had the army membership expanded to, by 1939?

1,400,000 (In 1933 - 100,000)

In 1939, how much was spent on rearmament?

26 billion marks

Who led the German Labour Front (DAF)?

Robert Ley

How many members did the German Labour Front (DAF) have by 1939?

22 million

What scheme did the German Labour Front organise in 1938 that 150000 people signed up to?

Volkswagen (people's car) scheme

Give two examples of trips sponsored by the Strength through Joy (KdF), in an attempt to improve the leisure time of German workers.

Concerts; Theatre visits; Museum tours; Sporting events; Weekend trips; Holidays; Cruises

How many people went on KdF holidays in 1938?

About 10 million

Name the department in the KdF that tried to improve working conditions by building canteens, swimming pools and sports facilities.

Beauty of work (Schonheit der Arbeit)

Provide two examples of how women should be under the Nazi ideal.

No make-up; Blonde; No interest in politics; heavy-hipped & athletic; Flat shoes & full skirt; Don't smoke; Don't work; Do household duties

On whose birthday were medals awarded to women with large families?

Hitler's mother (12th August)

Worried by the birth rate plummeting, what laws did the Nazis pass/alter?

Law for the Encouragement of Marriage (1933) or changing Divorce Law (1938)

What were the 'three Ks' women were asked to stick to?

Kinder, Küche, Kirche (Children, Kitchen, Church)

What was the name of the programme whereby specially chosen unmarried women could 'donate a baby to the Fuhrer' by becoming pregnant by a 'racially pure' SS man?

Lebensborn (Life Springs)

What was a 'duty year', introduced in 1937 due to rearmament, compulsory for all women entering employment?

Helping on a farm/family home for a year, for bed and board, but no pay.

What were school teachers forced to do by the Nazis?

Swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler and join the Nazi Teachers' League

Give an example how the Nazis controlled textbooks in schools.

Rewritten to Nazi ideals; Approval by Ministry of Education needed; Mein Kampf became a standard text

How did lessons begin under Nazi regime?

Students saluting and saying 'Heil Hitler'

To ensure that the nation was healthy what percentage of curriculum time was devoted to physical education?

15%

Give two ways Hitler controlled the spare time of the young.

Introduced Hitler Youth; Banning other youth organisations; Compulsory Hitler Youth membership from 1939 (7 million)

Name three youth organisations used by the Nazis to control the young.

Hitler Youth; German Young People; Young Girls; League of German Maidens

Give three examples of activities of the Hitler Youth Movement.

Learning Nazi songs; Athletics; Hiking; Camping; Map reading; Marching and military skills; Domestic skills (girls)

Provide a translation for: a. Untermenschen b. Herrenvolk

a. Subhumans b. Master race

How were Aryans depicted in art?

Blond; Blue-eyed; Tall; Lean; Athletic

In what two ways did Hitler believe he would achieve a pure Aryan racial state?

Selective breeding and destroying the Jews

Give a way Hitler made sure he had support for his anti-Semitic policies.

Propaganda; School (e.g. encouraging young people to hate Jews)

What were Jewish teachers forbidden from doing in October 1936?

Giving private tuition to German students

When were Jewish children expelled from German schools? (month and year)

November 1938

What laws were passed in 1935 which included the Reich Law on Citizenship and forbade marriage/sexual relations between Jews and German citizens?

The Nuremberg Laws

Local councils banned Jews from public spaces in:

1934

Professional activities of Jews banned in:

1936

Jews had to register possessions in:

1938

Jews had to carry identity cards in:

1938

Jews had red letter 'J' stamped on passport in:

1938

Name the young Polish Jew who shot an official in the German Embassy in Paris on 8th November 1938.

Herschel Grynszpan

On 9th and 10th November 1938, what did Goebbels organise as a result of the events in the German Embassy in France?

Anti-Jewish demonstrations - Attacks on Jewish property, shops, homes and synagogues.

Why were the events on 9th/10th November 1938 known as 'Kristallnacht'?

'Crystal Night' or 'Night of Broken Glass': So many windows were smashed.

How many Jews were (a) killed (b) sent to concentration camps or (c) had their businesses destroyed as a result of 'Kristallnacht'?

a. 100 b. 20,000 c. 7500

In addition to being fined 1 billion Reichsmarks in 1939, provide one other example of continued persecution of Jews.

Forced emigration; surrendering precious metals & jewellery; evicted from homes & forced into ghettos; & forced to hand in radios