Old Norse Vocabulary

maðr, manns, menn, masculine

man, person

sonr, sonar, synir, masculine

son

konungr, konungs, konungar, masculine

king

mál, máls, mál, neuter

speech, matter, lawsuit

skip, skips, skip, neuter

ship

hǫnd, handar, hendr, feminine

hand, arm

fé, fjár, fé, neuter

livestock, property, money

land, lands, lǫnd, neuter

land, country

bróðir, bróður, brœðr, masculine

brother

vetr, vetrar, vetr, masculine

winter, year (of age)

ráð, ráðs, ráð, neuter

advice, plan, counsel

kona, konu, konur, feminine

woman, wife

frændi, frænda, frændr, masculine

kinsman, relative

dagr, dags, dagar, masculine

day

jarl, jarls, jarlar, masculine

earl, jarl

faðir, fǫður, feðr, masculine

father

ferð, ferðar, ferðir, feminine

journey, travel

þing, þings, þing, neuter

assembly, meeting

sumar, sumars, sumur, neuter

summer

dóttir, dóttur, dœtr, feminine

daughter

orð, orðs, orð, neuter

word

lið, liðs, lið, neuter

troop, following, force

hestr, hests, hestar, masculine

horse, stallion

fundr, fundar, fundir, masculine

meeting, encounter

nátt, náttar, nætr, feminine

night

sǫk, sakar, sakar, feminine

charge, lawsuit, cause

tíðendi, tíðenda, tíðendi, neuter

news, tidings, events

hlutr, hlutar, hlutir, masculine

thing, part, share, lot

bœr, bœjar, bœir, masculine

farmstead, farm buildings, town

bóndi, bónda, bœndr, masculine

farmer, householder; husband

sverð, sverðs, sverð, neuter

sword

víg, vígs, víg, neuter

killing, slaying

bú, bús, bú, neuter

farm, household, husbandry

hǫfuð, hǫfuðs, hǫfuð, neuter

head

vinr, vinar, vinir, masculine

friend

goði, goða, goðar, masculine

chieftain-priest, godi

móðir, móður, mœðr, feminine

mother

mót, móts, mót, neuter

meeting, assembly

vápn, vápns, vápn, neuter

weapon

skjǫldr, skjaldar, skildir, masculine

shield

kveld, kvelds, kveld, neuter

evening

leið, leiðar, leiðir, feminine

way, road, journey

vísa, vísu, vísur, feminine

verse, stanza

sinn, sinns, sinn, neuter

time, occasion

lag, lags, lǫg, neuter

layer, position, way; (pl.) law

kostr, kostar, kostir, masculine

choice, option, terms; quality, means

vár, várar, várar, feminine

spring

fótr, fótar, fœtr, masculine

foot, leg

morginn, morgins, morgnar, masculine

morning

búð, búðar, búðir, feminine

booth, temporary dwelling (at the assembly)

hús, húss, hús, neuter

house, building

spjót, spjóts, spjót, neuter

spear

sætt, sættar, sættir, feminine

settlement, reconciliation, peace agreement

skógr, skógar, skógar, masculine

wood, forest

hǫfðingi, hǫfðingja, hǫfðingjar, masculine

chieftain, leader

stund, stundar, stundir, feminine

while, period of time, hour

hugr, hugar, hugir, masculine

mind, thought, courage

vegr, vegar, vegir, masculine

way, road; manner; honour, glory

haf, hafs, hǫf, neuter

sea, ocean

bak, baks, bǫk, neuter

back

tal, tals, tǫl, neuter

talk, conversation; count, number

á, ár, ár, feminine

river

haust, hausts, haust, neuter

autumn

staðr, staðar, staðir, masculine

place, spot; stead

hríð, hríðar, hríðir, feminine

while, spell of time; storm, snowstorm; onslaught, attack

ván, vánar, vánir, feminine

hope, expectation, likelihood

sveinn, sveins, sveinar, masculine

boy, lad; servant

húskarl, húskarls, húskarlar, masculine

farmhand, manservant

ørendi, ørendis, ørendi, neuter

errand, message, business

líf, lífs, líf, neuter

life

øx, øxar, øxar, feminine

axe

eldr, elds, eldar, masculine

fire

sár, sárs, sár, neuter

wound

dómr, dóms, dómar, masculine

judgement, verdict; court

þræll, þræls, þrælar, masculine

slave, thrall

ey, eyjar, eyjar, feminine

island

barn, barns, bǫrn, neuter

child

boð, boðs, boð, neuter

invitation, feast; command, offer

dyrr, dyra, dyrr, feminine

doorway, door

veizla, veizlu, veizlur, feminine

feast, banquet

mágr, mágs, mágar, masculine

kinsman by marriage (brother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law)

tími, tíma, tímar, masculine

time, season

fǫr, farar, farir, feminine

journey, expedition

gjǫf, gjafar, gjafir, feminine

gift, present

bani, bana, banar, masculine

death, slayer

fjall, fjalls, fjǫll, neuter

mountain, fell

sœmð, sœmðar, sœmðir, feminine

honour, esteem

borð, borðs, borð, neuter

board, plank; table; ship's side

herað, heraðs, heruð, neuter

district, countryside

garðr, garðs, garðar, masculine

fence, enclosure; yard, farmstead

fjǫrðr, fjarðar, firðir, masculine

fjord, firth

silfr, silfrs, silfr, neuter

silver

veðr, veðrs, veðr, neuter

weather; wind

saga, sǫgu, sǫgur, feminine

story, tale, history

húsfreyja, húsfreyju, húsfreyjur, feminine

housewife, mistress of the house

verk, verks, verk, neuter

work, deed, task

klæði, klæðis, klæði, neuter

cloth, clothes

vinátta, vináttu, vináttur, feminine

friendship

sveit, sveitar, sveitir, feminine

district, community; band of men

vist, vistar, vistir, feminine

lodging, stay; provisions, food