Exam #2 Forensic Anthrop Questions

Name this trait

interorbital breadth

Rim edges irregular, sharp, and thin is a trait used to estimate age from:

The sternal rib ends

The retroauricular area is used to estimate age from

the auricular surface

Which of the following is an example of a cultural factor that affects human biological diversity?

non-random mating

Which of the following types of stature do forensic anthropologists typically estimate?

forensic stature

name this trait

Nasal bone contour

name this trait

medial aspect of the iliopubic ramus

Which of the following represents low accuracy and low precision

A

Observing something with no estimable error rates, correct classification rates, or associated statistics is called:

an assessment

which of the following is a method for estimating population affinity from the mandible only?

(hu)MANid

Why is the Full Skeleton Approach not commonly used in forensic anthropology?

Skeletal remains are often incomplete or damaged

According to Blumenbach's (incorrect) degeneration theory, the first humans originated from:

The Caucasus Mountains

The cultural expression of masculinity or femininity is called:

Gender

Which of the following represents the average of a set of values?

mean

Name this trait

nasal aperture width

The geographic place of origin of an individual, or group of individuals is:

ancestry

What are the four components of the biological profile?

Age, sex, population affinity, stature

Which of the following traits are more associated with older individuals?

Decreasing bone quality

Which of the following is the best instrument to use to measure the length of a long bone?

Osteometric board

Which statement best reflects scientific consensus on human races?

Race is a cultural construct with no definable biological basis

Which of the following is primarily used in degenerative age estimation?

The sternal rib ends

name this trait

Post-bregmatic depression

In forensic anthropology, what is the standard size of confidence and prediction intervals?

95%

name this trait

subpubic contour

Which of the following stature estimation approaches attempts to account for age in the stature estimate?

full skeleton stature

What is a cline?

a geographic gradient of a biological trait

name this trait

glabella

name this trait

supra-orbital margin

Stature that you would measure from someone's standing height is called:

measured stature

Phenotypic differences between males and females of the same species is called:

sexual dimorphism

Humans express ___________ variation because traits such as hair color, skin color, and facial features do not always vary together.

discordant

Which area represents the last epiphysis to close?

medial clavicle

Estimating sex from a single measurement uses which of the following approaches?

sectioning point

Which of the following is a common method for subadult age estimation?

dental development

Which of the following is used in Fordisc to measure the relative distance of an unknown individual to each group in an analysis?

posterior probability

Morphoscopic methods estimate biological parameters such as sex or population affinity by examining:

Character states of morphological traits

The increase in the discrepancy between biological age and chronological age over time is called:

the trajectory effect

Which of the following is NOT a common form of documentation used in forensic anthropology

videography

The area responsible for the greatest amount of growth of a bone is called:

the primary ossification center

Which of the following is a metric method for estimating population affinity?

Fordisc

name this trait

mental eminence

Name this trait

Mastoid process

Which of the following is NOT possible to estimate using FORDISC 3?

Age

Projections present on the medical aspect of the obturator foramen is a trait used to estimate she from:

The public symphysis

Cranial landmarks are primarily used for:

Taking measurements of the cranium

Name this trait:

Nuchal Crest

Name this trait:

Anterior nasal spine

This is a form of analysis which involves looking at microscopic features of bone: it is frequently used to determine if bone is from a human or a nonhuman animal

Histological analysis

Which of the following is best described as demonstrating to stakeholders that your organization is operating in an unbiased and rigorous manner?

Transparency

Name this trait:

Ventral arc