Biomed Antibiotics MOA Section Quiz

What structure does Penicillin impact?

The cell wall

What is the summarized MOA of Penicillin?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

What is the detailed MOA of Penicillin?

Penicillin has beta lactam rings that bind to DD-transpeptidase. This blocks peptidoglycan from cross-linking with each other, therefore inhibiting cell wall synthesis. If a cell doesn’t have a proper cell wall, it will die.

Does Penicillin affect gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Penicillin affects gram positive and gram negative

Which antibiotic’s moa is being shown here?

Penicillin

Do Tetracyclines impact gram negative and/or gram positive bacteria?

Tetracyclines impact gram negative and gram positive bacteria

What structure does Tetracycline impact?

30S Ribosomal Unit

What is the summarized MOA for Tetracycline

Inhibits protein synthesis

What is the detailed MOA for Tetracycline?

It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 16S rRNA unit in the 30S ribosomal unit. This blocks the tRNA from being able to deliver amino acids, blocking protein synthesis

What medication’s MOA is being shown?

Tetracycline

What structure do Quinolones impact?

DNA

What is the summarized MOA for Quinolones?

Affects DNA synthesis

What is the detailed MOA for Quinolones?

Inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV by binding to the complex between the bacteria and Topoisomerase(s). This disrupts bacterial DNA replication and transcription which cause the DNA strands to break.

Do Quinolones affect gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Quinolones affect gram negative and positive bacteria.

What medication’s MOA is being shown?

Quinolones

What structure do Cephalosporins impact?

Cell walls

What is the summarized MOA for Cephalosporins?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

What is the detailed MOA for Cephalosporins?

Cephalosporins, like Penicillin, also have beta lactam rings that binds to and inactivates the penicillin binding proteins in the cell.

Do Cephalosporins impact gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Do Sulfonamides impact gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Gram positive and negative bacteria

What is the summarized MOA for Sulfonamides?

They inhibit folic acid (DNA) synthesis

What is the detailed MOA of Sulfonamides?

Sulfonamides share a similar chemical structure to PABA. Sulfonamides trick DHPS into binding with them, instead of PABA. This blocks the product of folate because PABA is needed for that. Blocking folate production prevents DNA and RNA production because folate is needed for that.

Do Aminoglycosides impact gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Gram negative

What is the summarized MOA of Aminoglycosides?

Inhibits protein synthesis.

What is the detailed MOA for Aminoglycosides?

They bind to the 30S ribosomal unit, interfering with normal translation and transcription for amino acids. This results in proteins that are nonfunctional and some of these proteins insert into the cell membrane, damaging the cell.

Does Nitroimidazole impact gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Gram positive and gram negative bacteria

What is Nitroimidazole’s summarized MOA?

It damages DNA

Do macrolides impact gram positive and/or gram negative bacteria?

Gram positive

What is the summarized MOA for macrolides?

Inhibits protein synthesis

What is the detailed MOA for macrolides?

It binds to the 23S rRNA in the 50s ribosomal unit. This is near the exit tunnels that newly formed amino acids go through. The medication will block peptide chain formation and disrupt further chain growth.

Which antibiotic’s MOA is being shown here?

Macrolides