Muscles of Hands, Wrist, forearm, elbow

RADP 121 Session 6

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Part of the Hypothenar Eminence, a small and thin piece located on the palm edge, it performs opposition of 5^th finger at MCP. Originates from the hamate and inserts at the 5^th MCP. Connects to the ulnar nerves

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Part of the Hypothenar Eminence, located on the palm edge , it Abducts the 5^th digit at MCP. Originates from Pisiform and inserts at the base of the 5^th proximal phalanx. Connects to the ulnar nerves

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Part of the Hypothenar Eminence, located on the palm medially , it performs 5th finger flexion. Originates from the hook of hamateand inserts at thethe ulnar base of the 5^th finger proximal phalanx. Connects to the ulnar nerves

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Part of the Thenar Eminence, located on the palm medial to the abductor Pollicis Brevis, it performs thumb flexion. Originates from the trapezium and inserts at the proximal phalanx of the thumb. Connects to the median & ulnar nerves

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Part of the Thenar Eminence, Located on the on top of thumb MCP, it does thumb abduction. Originates from scaphoid and trapezium and inserts at thumb proximal phalanx. Connects to the median nerve

Adductor Pollicis (group)

Part of the Adductor group, located on the medial of the palm, it performs thumb adduction for gripping. Originates from the trapezoid, trapezium, capitate, index and middle metacarpals, and inserts at the thumb proximal phalanx. Connects to ulnar nerve

Opponens Pollicis

Part of the Thenar Eminence, Located on the PALM of the hand, it does thumb opposition. Originates from Trapezium and inserts at radial aspect of thumb MCP. Connects to median nerve

Lumbricals

Part of the Intermediate Group, Located on the PALM of the hand, it flexes MCPs & extends interphalangeal joints (PIP and DIP). Originates from FDP tendon and inserts at digital extensor tendons. Connects to Median nerve

Palmer Interossei

Part of the Intermediate Group, Located on the PALM of the hand, it mainly ADDUCTS the Metacarpals (MCP) and extends the interphalangeal (IP). Originates from metacarpal and inserts at proximal phalanx and extensor tendons. Connects to ulnar nerve

Dorsal Interossei

Part of the Intermediate Group, located on the BACK of the hand, it mainly ABDUCTS the Metacarpals (MCP) and extends the interphalangeal (IP). Originates from metacarpal and inserts at proximal phalanx and extensor tendons. Connects to ulnar nerve

Brachioradialis 

Bigger band that wraps from the bottom of the humerus to the bottom of radius; feel it more in forearm. It performs elbow flexion. Originates from proximal humerus and inserts at Styloid process of radius. Connects to radial nerve

Anconeus 

Small and minor muscle acts as a supportive and stabilizing piece while terminal extending and pronating the elbow . Located inner elbow. Originates from lateral epicondyle of humerus, and inserts at olecranon process of Ulna. connects with Radial Nerve

Supinator 

Located just below the elbow. It supinates the forearm. Originates from lateral epicondyle of humerus, and inserts at lateral radius anterior surface  . connects with Posterior Interosseus Nerve

Pronator Teres

Anterior from medial humerus to lateral radius. It pronates the forearm and helps with elbow flexion. Originate from medial humerus and medial coronoid process of ulna. Inserts at middle of lateral surface of radius. Connects with median nerves

Palmaris Longus 

Anterior of forearm closer to ulna side of elbow. It is for Wrist Flexion. Originate from medial epicondyle of humerus. Inserts at palmar fascia. Connects with median nerves

Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)

It is for flexion & radial deviation of Wrist. Anterior, more medial, but more on the inside. Originates from medial epicondyle of humerus. Inserts at 2nd and 3rd metacarpals Connects with medial Nerve

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) 

Anterior, lateral to FCR closer to ulna. It’s for flexion & ulnar deviation of Wrist. Originates from medial epicondyle of humerus. Inserts at pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal. Connects with Ulnar Nerve

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL)

It’s for extension & radial deviation of the wrist. on the Radial side. Originates from lower 1/3 of distal humerus. Inserts at base of index finger dorsally (at MCP). Connects with radial nerve

Extensor Digitorum

Thick muscle at the top of the arm (Posterior). It’s for extends MCPs and IPs. Weak wrist extensor. Originates from lateral epicondyle of humerus. Inserts at extensor tendons of fingers and dorsal bases of middle phalanges. Connects with Posterior Interosseous nerve.

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Extending the 5th finger MCP and PIP joints. Originates fromlateral epicondyle of humerus, and inserts from extensor tensor of/and 5th finger

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) 

Performing extension and radial deviation of wrist. Originates fromlateral epicondyle of the humerus, and inserts at base of 3rd metacarpal (dorsal aspect)  

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU) 

Performing extension & ulnar deviation of wrist. Originates from lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior ulna, and inserts at base of 5th metacarpal (dorsal aspect, top of hand) 

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) 

Anterior forearm, big, major finger flexors performing flexion on PIP, weak MCP flexion (closing your fingers in, just the phalges). Originates with 2 heads from medial epicondyle of humerus and coracoid process of ulna & radial tuberosity of radius, and inserts at middle phalanx of fingers

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)

The only DIP flexor; also flexes PIPs & MCPs (last section of finger flexing). Originates from medial and lat surface of ulna and inserts at palmar base of fingers 

Extensor Indicis

The only extends index finger MCP &PIP. Originates from posterior distal ulna, and inserts at base of index finger (dorsally) on middle phalanx 

Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL) 

It flexes thumb at IP and MCP joint. Originates from radius and ulna, and inserts at distal phalanx of thumb

Extensor Pollicis Brevis & Longus (EPB &EPL)

The Brevis extends thumb's MCP joint, and Longus extends thumb's IP joint 

Abductor Polluicis Longus

Abducting the thumb. It originates from posterior surface of ulna and radius, and inserts at radial dorsal base of thumb metacarpal