dat 118- test 1 pt.4

Dentition

Natural teeth in the jaws

Two dentitions

Primary dentition and permanent dentition

Three dentition periods

Primary, mixed, permanent

Permanent dentition

Second dentition to develop

Permanent teeth

8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, 12 molars = 32 teeth

Primary teeth

8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 molars = 20 teeth

Dentition period

Information

Primary

First dentition period

Primary age

Approximately 6 months–6 years

Primary begins

Eruption of the primary mandibular central incisors

Primary teeth present

Only primary teeth are present

Primary full eruption

Completed at approximately 30 months, usually when primary second molars are in occlusion

Mixed

Follows primary dentition

Mixed age

Approximately 6–12 years

Mixed teeth

Both primary and permanent teeth are present

Mixed changes

Shedding of primary teeth and eruption of permanent teeth begin after their crowns are completed

Alveolus

Bone of the tooth socket

Alveoli

Plural of alveolus

Alveolar process

Tooth-bearing part of each jaw

Dental arch

Each alveolar process; either maxillary arch or mandibular arch

Maxillary teeth

Teeth in the maxilla

Mandibular teeth

Teeth in the mandible

Occlusion

Method by which mandibular teeth contact maxillary teeth

Midline

Imaginary vertical plane dividing the arch into two equal halves: right and left

Anterior teeth

Incisors and canines because they are closer to the midline

Posterior teeth

Molars and premolars, if present, because they are farther from the midline

Quadrant

Each dental arch can be divided into two; four quadrants in the entire oral cavity

D

Dentition

A

Arch

Q

Quadrant

T

Tooth type

Category

Choices

Dentition

Permanent or primary

Arch

Maxillary or mandibular

Quadrant

Right or left

Tooth

Central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar, third molar

Sextant

Location

Right posterior sextant

Right posterior portion of the dental arch

Anterior sextant

Anterior portion of the dental arch

Left posterior sextant

Left posterior portion of the dental arch

Tooth

Consists of a crown and one or more roots

Crown

Dentin covered by enamel

Root

Dentin covered by cementum

Pulp cavity

Inner space of the tooth

Pulp chamber

Part of pulp cavity

Pulp canal(s)

Part of pulp cavity

Apical foramen/foramina

Opening(s) associated with pulp canal(s)

Pulp horn(s)

May be present in pulp cavity

Anatomic crown

Part covered by enamel

Anatomic crown over time

Remains mostly constant except for attrition and other physical wear

Clinical crown

Part of the anatomic crown that is visible and not covered by gingiva

Clinical crown height

Determined by location of marginal gingiva

Clinical crown change

Can change over time, especially with gingival recession

Anatomic root

Part of the root covered by cementum

Clinical root

Part of the anatomic root that is visible

Clinical root change

Subject to variability over time, related to gingival recession

Facial

Tooth surface closest to the surface of the face

Labial

Facial surface closest to the lips

Buccal

Facial surface closest to the inner cheek

Lingual

Tooth surface closest to the tongue

Palatal

Lingual surface closest to the palate on the maxillary arch

Masticatory

Chewing surface on the most superior surface of the crown

Incisal

Masticatory surface for anterior teeth

Occlusal

Masticatory surface for posterior teeth

Cusp

Major elevation on the masticatory surfaces of canines and posterior teeth

Mesial

Surface closest to the midline

Distal

Surface farthest from the midline

Proximal

Mesial and distal surfaces together

Interproximal space

Area between adjacent tooth surfaces

Contact area/contact

Area where crowns of adjacent teeth physically touch on each proximal surface

Line angle

Junction of two crown surfaces; named by combining the names of those surfaces

Point angle

Junction of three crown surfaces; named from those three surfaces

Thirds

Crown surface can be divided horizontally and vertically into three parts/thirds

Angles

Help define the front/face of a tooth

Height of contour

Helps define the front/face of a tooth

Spaces

Help define the front/face of a tooth

Smile design

These features are noted when considering a patient's smile

Changing placement/shape

Changes the face of a tooth, perceived size, and appearance of the smile

Ideal mesial appearance

Mesial part of the face/silhouette is more angled vertically than the distal part

Premolars

Found only in permanent dentition; assist canines in piercing/tearing because of prominent cusps; assist molars in grinding because of wide occlusal surface

Molars

Largest and strongest crowns; function in grinding; wide occlusal surface with prominent cusps

Variation

Variation within a particular tooth type is expected and clinically important

Tooth form/function can be lost from

Attrition, caries, trauma, extraction, shedding

Restorative replacement

Artificial crowns, replacement bridges, partial or complete fixed or removable dentures, implants

Code

Two-digit code

First digit

Quadrant

Second digit

Tooth position in quadrant

Permanent quadrants

1–4 clockwise

Primary quadrants

5–8 clockwise

Permanent tooth position

1–8 starting at midline and numbering distally

Primary tooth position

1–5 starting at midline and numbering distally

Permanent maxillary right central incisor

11

Other name

Military tooth numbering system

How it works

Right-angle symbol indicates the quadrant and arch

Tooth number

Placed inside the right-angle symbol

Permanent anterior teeth

Incisors and canines

Succedaneous

Each permanent anterior tooth replaces the primary tooth of the same type

Developmental lobes

Four developmental lobes

Labial lobes

Three

Lingual lobes

One