Social Studies chapter 15 test

Cold War

Cold War

Was a long period of tension and hostility between democratic-capitalist nations(led by the United States and Western Europe) and communist nations (led by the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China.

Truman Doctrine

The program to encourage nations to resist communist expansion.

Marshall Plan

American plan to help European nations rebuild their economies after World War II.

Berlin Airlift

Hundreds of American and British planes that carried tons of food, fuel, and other supplies to the two million West Berliners everyday.

Berlin Wall

Cut off contact between families and friends.

NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Warsaw Pact

When the Soviet Union formed its own military alliance.

McCarthyism

Came to be known as the use of reckless charges of disloyalty.

38th parallel

Dividing line between North and South Korea.

Segregation

separation, of the races in schools, theaters, restaurants, and other public places.

Integration

The mixing of different racial groups, in the armed forces in 1948.

Civil Rights Movement

When African Americans stepped up for their struggle for equality. They took their cases to court but also protested in the streets.

Sit-in

When people sit and refuse to leave.

Affirmative action

Programs that sought to hire and promote minorities such as, women and others who had faced discrimination.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

An African American Civil Right's Activist who was peaceful and played a big role in the end of segregation.

Bay of Pigs

Failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed up by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs.

Cuban Missile Crisis

When Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev agreed to remove Soviet missiles from Cuba. In return, the US promised not to invade the island.

Peace Corps

American volunteers worked in developing countries as teachers, engineers, and technical advisers.

Vietcong

A colloquial name given to members of the National Liberation front for South Vietnam.

Guerilla

Fighters who make hit-and-run attacks on the enemy.

Domino Theory

The idea that if Vietnam became a communist nation that other countries in Asia would do the same thing.

Tet Offensive

Was a major joint offensive by the North Vietnamese Army and Vietcong.

Draft

System of mandatory enlistment into the armed forces.

Détente

Policy to reduce tensions between two countries.

SALT agreement

Treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the number of nuclear warheads and missiles.

Robert McNamara

The US Secretary of Defense during the battles in Vietnam.

Norman Morrison

An American anti-war activist during the time of the Vietnam War.

Napalm

A weapon that is highly flammable when mixed with a mixture of chemicals.