chem final

leading zeroes

not significant

interior zeroes

significant

trailing zeroes after dec

significant

sig figs for exact numbers

unlimited

isotopes have the same ___ and different ___

protons, neutrons

atomic number is number of

protons

mass number

proton + neutron

light ejecting electrons from a metal

photoelectric effect

min freq to eject electrons

threshold frequency

when light is absorbed by an electron

electron moves to higher energy level

electron emits energy

electron moves to lower energy level

main energy level

n

describes shape

l

orbital orientaiton

m sub l

n =

positive integers

l=

n-1

m sub l =

integers -l through +l

l = 0

s orb

l = 1

p orb

l = 2

d orb

l = 3

f orb

s max

2

p max

6

d max

10

f max

14

wavelength and freq are ____ related

inversley

higher frequency =

higher energy

lower energy orb first

afbeau

2 electrons per orb.w opp spins

pauli

fill singly before pairing

hunds

one or more unpaired

paramagnetic

all electrons paired

diamagnetic

length

meters

mass

kg

time

s

temp

kelvin

amt sub

kilo

10³

centi

10^-2

mili

10^-3

micro

10^-6

nano

10^-9

____→ Microwave → Infrared → Visible → Ultraviolet → X-ray → Gamma.

radio

Radio → ______ → Infrared → Visible → Ultraviolet → X-ray → Gamma.

micro

Radio → Microwave → _____ → Visible → Ultraviolet → X-ray → Gamma.

infrared

Radio → Microwave → Infrared → ____ → Ultraviolet → X-ray → Gamma.

visable

Radio → Microwave → Infrared → Visible → _____ → X-ray → Gamma.

UV

Radio → Microwave → Infrared → Visible → Ultraviolet → _____→ Gamma.

X

Radio → Microwave → Infrared → Visible → Ultraviolet → X-ray → ____

gama

mass number - atomic number =

neutrons

all iso abundances must =

100

average atomic mass =

Moles → particles

multiply by avo

Particles → moles:

divide by avo

Moles → grams:

multiply by mm

Grams → moles:

divide by mm

speed of light eq

photon energy eq

c=

2.998*10^8 m/s

h

6.626×10^-34 J*s

bohr energy eq

+ΔE

absorption

-ΔE

emmission

photon energy =

magnitude of energy charge

photon energy = binding energy +kinetic energy of ejected electron =

photoelectric effect

minimum freq to eject an electron

threshold frequency

top is

mass number

bottom is

atomic number

protons

atomic number

electrons in neutral

= protons = atomic number

electrons in positive ion

subtract charge

electrons in negative ion

add charge

wavelength and frequency

wavelength units

meters or nanometers

frequency unuts

Hz

energy of one photon

energy of an electron at a particular level

energy of photon during a transition

minimum freq to eject an electron