Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Vocabulary flashcards covering foundational concepts of anatomy, physiology, structural levels of organization, and major organ systems from Unit 1.

Anatomy

The study of body structure.

Physiology

The study of body function.

Gross Anatomy

The macroscopic study of the body that focuses on visible structures (the big picture).

Regional Anatomy

The study of anatomy focused on a specific region of the body (e.g., the abdomen).

Systemic Anatomy

The study of the whole body organized by organ system (e.g., muscular and other systems).

Histology

The study of tissues.

Cell Physiology

The study of how cells work.

Pathology

The study of how disease affects organs and body parts.

Macromolecule

Large complex molecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA).

Four Primary Tissue Classes

Connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissues.

Organ System

A level of organization consisting of groups of organs working in tandem.

Organism

A complete living being representing the highest level of structural organization.

Integumentary System

Consists of hair, skin, and nails; protects the body, serves as the site of sensations, and regulates temperature.

Skeletal System

Consists of cartilage, bones, and joints; supports the body, enables movement, protects organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals.

Muscular System

Consists of skeletal muscles and tendons; enables movement, maintains posture, generates heat, and helps circulate blood.

Nervous System

Consists of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves; controls the body through signals.