BME 481 Terms

SSGB

A data-driven management and problem-solving methodology that reduces process variation and defects to improve quality and performance, aiming for 3.4 defects per million opportunities (PPM) through measurable, customer-focused decisions and defined key roles.

SSGB roles

Executive team (mandate improvement, vision, identify champions, review projects), champions (communicate vision, select projects/candidates, review projects, remove barriers/supply resources)

Lean Six Sigma

reduce waste (lean) and reduce defects/variation by solving problems (six sigma). Lean accelerates six sigma.

DMAIC

define, measure, analyze, improve, and control

Define

define business case, understand ctqs, define the process. Tools: SIPOC, stakeholder analysis, CTQ tree, affinity diagram, VOC

Measure

data collection plan, check data quality, establish process capability. Tools: process map, gage R&R, sample size, discrete vs continuous, stats, and FMEA

Analyze

explore critical x’s and their impact on y. Tools:Graphing, variation, regression, hypothesis testing, fishbone, 5 whys, spaghetti diagram

Improve

find solutions, implement solutions, reg., optimize key x’s. Tools: regression analysis, process map, poka-yoke, kaizen

Control

validate measurement system, process controls, quantify improvement. Tools: control plan/chart, sigma calc

VOC

voice of customer. surveys, questionnaires, telephone

CTQ

critical to quality, developed based on VOCs. Define project metric based and Y on CTQ

Affinity Diagram

analysis of VOC data organized into categories (quality, customer service, delivery times). Translate affinity diagram to CTQ measures

Kano Model

Customer satisfaction (must be, more is better, and delighters)

Stakeholders

will be affected but not directly involved in project. Ex: managers, suppliers, clients, process owners

DMADV

define, measure, analyze, design, verify. used to design a new process/product

DMADV tools

stakeholder analysis, design failure mode effects analysis, data collection plan, voc, affinity diagram

MSA

measurement systems analysis

Repeatability

variation present when the same part is measured by the same person using the same tool

Reproducibility

variation present when different people use the same tool to measure the same part

MSA-A

measurement system analysis-attribute. discrete, could be when defects are being counted (pass/fail, go/no-go)

MSA-V

measurement system analysis-variable. continuous (length, width, time). Gage r&r metrics

SIPOC

suppliers, inputs, process, outputs, customers

Gage R&R

reproducibility and repeatability. deteremines how much of process variation is due to the measurement system

pareto chart

most significant causes of a problem by displaying categories in descending order of frequency or impact. It helps prioritize which problems to address first.

FMEA

failure mode error analysis. define scope, assemble team, SIPOC/process map, identify potential failures in process, determine severity and probability of occurrence/detection, list improvement actions/persons

PS and MS

Problem statement and missions statement

Bias

deviation of measured value from actual value