BioMed - Quiz 5 - Tophat & HW

Bicarbonate secretion in the duodenum functions to:

Protect the intestinal mucosa

The primary function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach is to:

Denature proteins and activate pepsinogen

Why are triglycerides carried in the blood stream bound to lipoproteins as chylomicrons?

Free triglycerides are insoluble in blood.

Salivary amylase primarily catalyzes which reaction?

Breakdown of starch into simple sugars

Pepsin is best described as a:

Gastric protease active at acidic pH

Enteropeptidase (enterokinase) initiates protein digestion in the intestine by:

Activating trypsinogen

Which structure increases surface area for absorption the most?

Microvilli

Why does trypsin not autodigest the pancreas under normal conditions?

Trypsin is secreted in an inactive form

Most nutrient absorption occurs in which part of the GI tract?

Jejunum

How do proton pump inhibitors (PPI) work to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

PPIs make the gastric juice less acidic

Which enzyme digests triglycerides in the small intestine?

Pancreatic lipase

Which structure prevents reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus?

Lower esophageal sphincter