Gr. 8 Geography Exam

Residential

Areas primarily used for housing purposes. Examples include houses, apartments, and penthouses.

Commercial

Areas designated for business and commerce. Examples are markets, pharmacy's, and grocery stores.

Agricultural

Land used for farming crop cultivation. Examples are orchards, farms, and vineyards.

Industrial

Zones used for manufacturing, processing and warehousing activities. Examples include factories, and warehouses.

Green Space

Areas with natural environments with plants and ecosystems. (eg: parks, sports fields, and trails.)

Transportation

Any land used for transportation. Examples are roads, bus-stations, bike lanes, and airports.

Institutional

Areas designated for public and community services. Examples include schools, hospitals, and churches.

Urban

Areas that are clustered with dense population, tall buildings with economic opportunities, and have little to no green space. Things you can find in urban areas are, sky scrapers, malls, busy streets, tourists, and lots of stores.

Suburban

Areas that can be clustered, scattered, or linear but are mainly used for residential use like housing near urban areas. This is because urban areas can get too expensive to live in. Things you can find are housing, parks, and transportation routes.

Rural

Areas that are often scattered but can be clustered, it has lots of green space, agriculture, and farming. These areas are usually with other close-knit communities.

Scattered

Buildings spread in a large area, each building may have it's own land.

Linear

Buildings developed along a linear path such as a road or railway. Typically for areas with geographical constraints

Clustered

Buildings closely grouped together, often found around a central point. Examples, markets, church, or waterways.

How to calculate Pop. Density?

Take population and land size. Divide both and you get the Pop. Density.

High Density Minimum

The minimum number to be a high density area needs 150+ people per km.

Sparse Density Minimum

A low density requires a minimum of 15 people or less per km.

Choropleth Maps

They show data with color such as population densities. The darker the color, the higher the density, and the lower the color, the lower the density.

Access to water

Refers to the availability of clean and safe drinking water, essential for health, cooking, transportation, and hydration.

Access to resources

The availability of materials, such as fertile soil, minerals, and energy, needed for human survival and economic activity.

Transportation routes

Pathways, such as roads, railways, and waterways. Used for moving people and goods, important for economic trade and connecting communities.

Defense and Security

Defense used in the form of rivers, valleys, mountains, and hills. Essential against hostile forces and dangers that would pose a threat.

Topography and Climate

Warm temperatures, enough water, for drinking, rain and good soil for farming crops. This attracts animals that you can use for food.

Culture and Economy

Sharing social and religious traditions, jobs that attract people, important for community identity, livelihood, and social cohesion.

Oceans

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Antarctic ocean

What are the most populated continents in order?

Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, and Australia.

Top 3 Most Populated Countries in Order

India, China, and USA.

Why do people tend to settle near coastlines?

There are a lot of resources for trade and economical growth. Transportation, food, drinking water, and the coast is the first place people arrive.