B3L7 Effects of Training & Altitude

Trained individuals will have a _____ max ventilation; untrained individuals will have a ____ max ventilation

higher (caps at about 140 bpm); lower (caps usually at 100bpm)

Trained individuals will have a ______ cost of breathing while exercising

HIGHER! Because they are moving more air

• but, remember, they have a higher cardiac output so it’s chill

What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?

760 mmHg

What is ventilatory equivalent and who will have a higher/lower one?

Ventilatory equivalent = VE/VO2

• Ventilation relative to oxygen consumption

Trained MUSCLES will have a lower ventilatory equivalent. Efficiency is not so great in untrained muscles

Does the respiratory system limit exercise intensity?

No, except for in very very highly trained athletes.

• EIAH can occur

• OR the cost of breathing could be too high

What are some immediate responses to increased altitude?

1. Hyperventilation

2. Increased SNS activity/BP

Why does it make sense that you ventilate at high altitudes?

Because PAO2 = VA/VO2

• if the partial pressure of oxygen drops, then you must compensate for the lack of O2 by increasing ventilation

At high altitudes, which way might your %sat/oxygen curve shift?

Left, because you’re hyperventilating more often and expelling CO2, which would increase pH

What are some long-term effects of high altitude?

• increased red blood cell volume

  • At low PaO2, the kidneys will secrete erythropoetin

• Decreased plasma blood volume due to dry air and exercise (constantly breathing off water)