4C.1: Spine + Back
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Last updated 12:10 PM on 10/11/26
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20 Terms
1
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Thoracic cage
4 main components:
* 12 ribs (x2)
* sternum
* manubrium
* body
* Xyphoid process
* costal cartilage
* Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
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\*designed to protect vital organs
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* 12 ribs (x2)
* sternum
* manubrium
* body
* Xyphoid process
* costal cartilage
* Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
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\*designed to protect vital organs
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2
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Costovertebral/Costotransverse joints
3
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The spine - recap
4
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general vertebral anatomy - recap
5
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Sacrum + Coccyx - recap
key features:
* promontory - anterior aspect
* Auricular aspect - lateral aspect (articulates on the ilium of pelvis)
* promontory - anterior aspect
* Auricular aspect - lateral aspect (articulates on the ilium of pelvis)
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The Os Coxae - recap
7
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pelvic girdle
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spinal cord - recap
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Spinal nerve information pathway
orange = sensory
Blue = motor
Blue = motor
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Posterior Rami (not recap)
Posterior Rami
* dorsal
* carries __sensory info from__ and __motor info to__:
* the zygapophyseal joints
* muscles of the deep back
* dorsal
* carries __sensory info from__ and __motor info to__:
* the zygapophyseal joints
* muscles of the deep back
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Anterior vs Posterior rami
Notice Anterior is much larger - since it carries much more information
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Deep back muscles
__**Superficial**__
* erector spinae “I like standing” (red)
* Iliocostalis
* longissimus
* Splenius Cervicis + Capitis
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__**Deep**__
* Transversospinal group (purple)
* Semispinalis
* rotatores
* multifidus
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Nerve:PosteriorRamiofspinalnerve
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* erector spinae “I like standing” (red)
* Iliocostalis
* longissimus
* Splenius Cervicis + Capitis
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__**Deep**__
* Transversospinal group (purple)
* Semispinalis
* rotatores
* multifidus
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Nerve:PosteriorRamiofspinalnerve
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Erector spinous group
* Iliocostalis - purple
* most lateral
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* Longissimus - green
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* Spinalis - yellow
* next to the spine
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__**Action:**__
* Extend vertebral column and head; laterally flex column
* most lateral
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* Longissimus - green
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* Spinalis - yellow
* next to the spine
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__**Action:**__
* Extend vertebral column and head; laterally flex column
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Splenius Cervicis + Splenius Capitis
__**Action:**__
* Cervicis: Laterally flex neck (red)
* Capitis: Rotate + extend head (pink)
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__**nerve:**__
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
* Cervicis: Laterally flex neck (red)
* Capitis: Rotate + extend head (pink)
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__**nerve:**__
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
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Transverso-Spinalis group
Semispinalis Capitis
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Multifidus
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Rotatore
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Multifidus
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Rotatore
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Semispinalis Capitis
\*shown in blue
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__**Action:**__
* Head + neck extension
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__**Nerve:**__
* Posterior Rami of spinal nerve
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__**Action:**__
* Head + neck extension
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__**Nerve:**__
* Posterior Rami of spinal nerve
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Multifidus
\*shown in red
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__Action:__
* Vertebral extension + stabilization
* runs almost full length of vertebral column
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__**Nerve:**__
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
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__Action:__
* Vertebral extension + stabilization
* runs almost full length of vertebral column
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__**Nerve:**__
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
18
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Rotatores
\*shown in green
(sometimes called christmas tree muscle)
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Actions:
* Vertebral extension + stabilization + rotation
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Nerve
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
(sometimes called christmas tree muscle)
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Actions:
* Vertebral extension + stabilization + rotation
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Nerve
* Posterior rami of spinal nerve
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Deep back muscle Summary
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Cadaveric specimen
