Skeletal System

ankyl/o

stiff joint

arthr/o

joint

articul/o

joint

burs/o

sac

carp/o

carpus

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

clavicul/o

clavicle

coccyg/o

coccyx

cortic/o

outer layer

cost/o

rib

crani/o

skull

femor/o

femur

fibul/o

fibula

humer/o

humerus

ili/o

ilium

ischi/o

ischium

kyph/o

hump

lamin/o

lamina (part of vertebra)

lord/o

bent backward

lumb/o

loin (low back between ribs and pelvis)

mandibul/o

mandible

maxill/o

maxilla

medull/o

inner region

metacarp/o

metacarpus

metatars/o

metatarsus

myel/o

bone marrow, spinal cord

orth/o

straight

oste/o

bone

patell/o

patella

pector/o

chest

ped/o

child; foot

pelv/o

pelvis

phalang/o

phalanges

pod/o

foot

prosthet/o

addition

pub/o

pubis

radi/o

radius; ray (X-ray)

sacr/o

sacrum

scapul/o

scapula

scoli/o

crooked

spin/o

spine

spondyl/o

vertebrae

stern/o

sternum

synovi/o

synovial membrane

synov/o

synovial membrane

tars/o

tarsus

thorac/o

chest

tibi/o

tibia

uln/o

ulna

vertebr/o

vertebra

-blast

immature

-clasia

to surgically break

-desis

to fuse

-listhesis

slipping

-logic

pertaining to study of

-porosis

porous

dis-

apart

non-

not

Long Bone Examples

Femur and Humerus

Short Bone Examples

Carpals and Tarsals

Flat Bone Examples

Sternum, Scapulae, and Tarsals

Irregular Bones

Vertebrae

Diaphysis

Central shaft of Bone

Epiphysis

Widened Ends of Bone

Articular Cartilage

Covers Epiphysis and acts as a cushion

Periosteum

Thin connective tissue that covers bone (Blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic tissue)

Cortical

Compact Bone (Dense and hard exterior)

Cancellous

Spongy Bone (Inside, Red Bone Marrow present in all bones to some extent)

Medullary Cavity

Open canal in the diaphysis, contains red bone marrow but eventually becomes yellow bone marrow (Fat cells)

Head

Ball-shaped end (Separated by the neck)

Condyle

Smooth, rounded portion at the end of a bone

Epicondyle

Projection above or on a condyle

Trochanter

Large rough process for the attachment of a muscle

Tubercle

Small, rough process that provides attachment for tendons and muscles.

Tuberosity

Large, rough process that provides the attachment for tendons and muscles.

Sinus

Hollow cavity within a bone

Foramen

A smooth, round opening for nerves and blood vessels

Fossa

A shallow cavity or depression on the surface of a bone

Fissure

A slit-like opening

Axial Skeleton

Head, Spine, Chest, and Trunk

Appendicular Skeleton

Arms, Legs, Shoulder, and Pelvis

Parts of the Head

Cranium and Facial Bones

Cranium includes

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and occipital bones.

Facial Bones Include

Mandible, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Vomer, Palatine, Nasal, and lacrimal bones

Hyoid Bone

U-Shaped Bone in the neck for Speech and Swallowing

Trunk of the Body

Vertebral Column, Sterum, and Rib Cage

Vertebral Column (Spinal Column)

Cervical Vertebrae, Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, and Coccyx

Appendicular Skeleton

Pectoral Girdle, Upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

Pectoral Girdle

Clavicle and Scapula Bones

Upper extremity

Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Carpus, Metacarpus, Phalanges

Pelvic Girdle (Os Coxae, Innominate Bone, Hip Bone)

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Lower Extremities

Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsus, Metatarsus, and Phalanges

Two or more bones meet (Joint)

Articulation

Synovial Joint

Freely Moving

Cartilaginous Joints

Allow slight movement but holds bones firmly in

place

Fibrous Joints

Joints with almost no movement

AE

above elbow

AK

above knee

BDT

bone density testing