Abnormal gait patterns and balance defects

How much DF is needed in gait (heel strike)

5-10 degrees

Role of PF in gait

Concentric push off and eccentric late stace controlling DF

Weak PF effects in gait

Decreased step length, knee hyperextension or knee buckling

Role of Quads in gait

Knee extension and keeps the knee from buckling

Weak quads effects in gait

Knee buckling, knee hyperexension, anterior trunk lean to control knee, may have toe drag

What grade of hip flexors do you need for normal gait (and when is it most effective)

2+ , swing phase

Weak hip flexors effect on gait

Shortened step length or toe drag, lost momentum (other normal compensations to advance the limb)

Role of hip extensors in gait

Concentric to advance hip in stance, stability in stance

Weak hip extensor effects in gait

Weaknes cuases anterior lean, compensation causes posteior trunk lean ( posteiror lurch), requires strong tib ant

Role of hip abductor in gait

Steadies the contalateral hip while ipsilateral hip is stance

Weak hip abductor in gait

Trendeleburg, drop of contrallateral hip and lateral lean of to ipsilateral side, increased step width