Medical Specialties

Cardiologist

Treats heart and blood vessel problems.

Example: A patient with an irregular heartbeat.

Nephrologist

Treats kidney diseases.

Example: A patient whose kidneys are not working properly.

Pulmonologist

Treats lung and breathing problems.

Example: A patient with a serious lung condition.

Endocrinologist

Treats hormone-related problems.

Example: A patient with diabetes or a thyroid disorder.

Gastroenterologist

Treats digestive system problems.

Example: A patient with severe stomach pain or Crohn’s disease.

Neurologist

Treats disorders of the brain and nervous system.

Example: A patient who experiences seizures or migraines.

Psychologist

Helps people manage mental health and emotional problems.

Example: A patient experiencing anxiety or stress.

Obstetrician/Gynecologist (OB/GYN)

Cares for reproductive health, pregnancy, and childbirth.

Example: A pregnant patient attending a prenatal checkup.

Optometrist

Examines eyes and prescribes glasses or contact lenses.

Example: A patient having trouble seeing the classroom board.

EEG Technician

Performs tests that record the brain’s electrical activity.

Example: A patient being tested for possible seizures.

Anesthesiologist

Provides anesthesia and monitors patients during surgery.

Example: A patient undergoing an operation.

Physical Therapist

Helps patients improve movement and recover from injuries.

Example: A patient recovering from a knee injury.

Ophthalmologist

Diagnoses and treats eye diseases and performs eye surgery.

Example: A patient with cataracts.

Hematologist/Oncologist

Treats blood disorders and cancer.

Example: A patient receiving treatment for leukemia.

Orthopedic Surgeon

Treats problems involving bones, joints, and muscles, including through surgery.

Example: A patient with a broken leg.

Urologist

Treats urinary system problems and male reproductive health conditions.

Example: A patient with kidney stones or bladder problems.

Neonatologist

Cares for newborns, especially premature or seriously ill babies.

Example: A baby born several weeks early who needs intensive care.

Otolaryngologist (ENT)

Treats ear, nose, and throat problems.

Example: A patient with chronic sinus infections.

Rheumatologist

Treats arthritis and diseases affecting joints and the immune system.

Example: A patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

ENT Specialist

Treats ear, nose, and throat conditions.

Example: A patient with repeated ear infections.

Pediatrician

Provides medical care for babies, children, and teenagers.

Example: A child with a fever.

Dietitian

Helps people plan healthy diets and manage nutrition-related conditions.

Example: A patient with diabetes who needs help planning meals.

Sanitation Specialist

Helps maintain clean and safe environments to prevent disease.

Example: A specialist checking a hospital's sanitation practices.

Gerontologist

Studies aging and helps address the needs of older adults.

Example: An older adult who needs support with healthy aging.

Podiatrist

Treats problems involving the feet and ankles.

Example: A patient with a painful foot injury.

Infectious Disease Specialist

Diagnoses and treats infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.

Example: A patient with a complicated or persistent infection.

Dentist

Examines and treats teeth and gums.

Example: A patient with a cavity.

Orthodontist

Straightens teeth and corrects bite problems.

Example: A teenager who needs braces.

Plastic Surgeon

Performs surgery to reconstruct body parts or change appearance.

Example: A patient needing reconstructive surgery after an injury.

Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Performs surgery on the heart, lungs, and other organs in the chest.

Example: A patient needing heart valve surgery.

Neurosurgeon

Performs surgery on the brain, spine, and nervous system.

Example: A patient who needs surgery for a spinal condition.

Psychiatrist

Diagnoses and treats mental health conditions and can prescribe medication.

Example: A patient with severe depression who needs medical treatment.

Audiologist

Tests hearing and treats hearing and balance problems.

Example: A patient who has difficulty hearing conversations.

EMT (Emergency Medical Technician)

Provides emergency medical care and transports patients to hospitals.

Example: A person injured in a car accident.

Phlebotomist

Collects blood samples for medical testing.

Example: A patient having blood drawn for a laboratory test.

Occupational Therapist

Helps people develop or regain skills needed for everyday activities.

Example: A patient recovering from a stroke who needs help dressing independently.