Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin

This is the inner layer middle layer of the skin

Dermis

Fatty or oil secretion of the sebaceous gland that lubricates the hair and skin 

sebum

This is a living layer of dividing cells that continuously change and push upward. 

Basal Zone

The innermost layer of the hair; composed of round cells. They are often absent in fine hair. 

Medulla

The process of widening or expanding of capillaries is called.

Dilation

The germinating center of the hair follicle where mitotic activity occurs. 

The hair matrix 

A protein found in the skin that helps guard against invasion. 

Keratin

The process in which a cell divides into two daughter cells

Mitosis

The resting phase of the hair follicle.

Telogen

Fine, short hair with no pigment also referred to as "peach fuzz" 

Vellus

Inflammation or swelling 

edema

Redness or a flush appearance of the skin

erythema

The middle layer of the hair 

cortex

The growth phase in the hair cycle

Anagen

The outermost portion of the epidermis 

Horny Zone

what is the largest organ of the body?

skin

The skin has three main layers. Name the layers in order from the outmost layer of the skin

Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutis

The process where certain cells continually divide into halves is known as

mitosis

What is the epidermis composed of?

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

What is the layer that contains pigment that detemines the color of one’s skin

Basale

The dermis is the part that gives the skin its pliability through the elasticity of its constituent fibers. The dermis is considered to contain two sub-layers, what are their names?

Pepillary and reticular

The eccrine glands are abundant over the entire body and are prominent in what areas?

Forehead, hands and feet

What functions do the sudoriferous glands perform?

Eliminate waste and Control body temperature

This is attached at an angle to the base of the follicle. It contracts from coldness or fright causing gooseflesh/bumps

Arrector pilorum

Name the parts of the hair

shaft, root, bulb

What layer makes up most of the hair and has elongated cells?

cortex

Name the cycles of hair growth in order

Anagen, Catagen, and Telogen (ACT)

Which is the shortest growth cycle?

catagen

The phenomena of more than one hair sharing one follicle is also known as?

Pilli-multigemini

Which of the following are appendages of the skin?

Hair follicles, blood vessels, nerve endings

What does the sebaceous gland produce?

sebum

What cycle of hair growth is tansitional

catagen

Fetal hair is also known as

lanugo

When applying a topical ointment to the skin, what function is being used by the skin?

absorption

What stage of growth does the hair start to detach from the dermal papilla?

Catagen

Name the two types of sweat glands?

Apocrine and Eccrine

What gland secretes sebum which lubricates the skin?

Sebaceous Gland

How many protective functions does the skin provide for the body?

5

What area of the body do we find the thinnest skin?

eyelids

What are the two main areas of target for Electrolysis?

Bulge and bulb area

What are the repeated cycles of hair growth?

Anagen phase, catagen phase, telogen phase

Where does hair go through its mitotic activity? 

Matrix

In what stage of hair growth can you declare permanency? 

Anagen

which sweat glands are responsible for odor?

apocrine glands

Keratinization is

hair growth

The horny zone consists of how many layers

3 layers

Which layer is NOT part of the horny zone?

Stratum spinosum

Melanocytes are found primarily in the

Stratum Corneum (basal layer)

The dermis is often called

true skin

The most superfical layer of the dermis is the

Papillary Layer

Which skin layer is the thickest part of the skin

dermis

which layer of the hair is outermost?

the cuticle

A client’s hair is at it’s deepest point and actively growing. What phase is it in?

Anagen phase

sun exposure causes pigment production. what cells are responsible

melanocytes

The dermis contains

blood vessels and nerves

melanin is synthesized from

collagen

the basement membrane zone lies between the

Epidermis and the dermis

dermal fibroblasts produce

collagen and elastic fibers

THE PAPILLARY DERMIs contains fibers that are

fine and loosely arranged

blood vessels in the skin help with

temperature regulation

eccrine sweat glands are distributed over

entire body surface

apocrine sweat glands are responsible

body odor

apocrine sweat glands are mainly located in the

axillae and anogenital areas

sebum drains into the

hair follicle

A runner sweats heavily during a race and cools down through evaporation. What glands are primarily responsible?

eccrine glands

A client complains of body odor after exercise. The odor results from bacteria acting on secretion from which glands?

apocrine glands

which phase of the hair cycle is associated with shedding and resting?

Telogen

which skin layer contains blood vessels that can aid absorption and transport?

dermis

The outermost layer of your skin is called

epidermis

a clients hair follicle is at its deepest point and actively gorwly. what phase is it in?

anagen

deepest layer of the dermis

reticular layer