Healthcare Administration HOSA Test

Beveridge Model

A tax-funded system where the government owns healthcare facilities (e.g., UK).

Bismarck Model

Employer-employee funded insurance (e.g., Germany, Japan).

National Health Insurance (NHI) Model

One government payer, private providers (e.g., Canada).

Main driver of medical tourism

Lower-cost or specialized care abroad.

Major challenge of globalized healthcare

Differences in regulations and quality standards.

Transformational leadership

Inspiring change and motivating employees through vision.

Key functions of management

Planning, organizing, controlling.

Mintzberg's decisional roles example

Negotiator.

Lewin's first step in change theory

Unfreeze.

Transactional leadership

Relies on rewards and punishments.

Matrix structure

Dual reporting to functional and project managers.

Flat organizational structure

Few layers, wide span of control.

Integrator in coordination

A role like case manager who links departments.

Organizational culture influence

Behavior, communication, and performance.

Standardization in coordination

Using rules, policies, and protocols to guide actions.

Herzberg's hygiene factors

Pay, working conditions, job security.

Maslow's highest level of need

Self-actualization.

Most collaborative conflict style

Collaborating.

Cause of role ambiguity

Unclear job expectations.

Expectancy Theory

Says motivation increases when effort → performance → reward.

Storming stage

Conflict and role negotiation.

Interdisciplinary teams uniqueness

Collaborative communication across specialties.

Essential for an effective team

Shared goals and trust.

Common barrier to team performance

Poor communication.

Peak productivity stage

Performing stage.

Upward communication

Employees → leadership.

Nonverbal communication

Body language, posture, eye contact.

Major communication barrier in healthcare

Cultural differences.

Downward communication

Leadership → staff.

Message filtering

Altering or withholding parts of a message.

First step of PDSA cycle

Plan.

Six Sigma

Aims to reduce variation.

Lean focus

Eliminating waste.

Root Cause Analysis timing

Conducted after an adverse event.

National quality measure set

HEDIS.

First step in strategic planning

Mission, vision, values.

SWOT analysis

Analyzes internal strengths/weaknesses and external opportunities/threats.

Strategy implementation

Includes creating action steps and executing the plan.

Competitive advantage

Comes from quality, innovation, and strong patient experience.

Mission statement

Explains the organization's purpose.

HIPAA regulation

Regulates patient privacy and data security.

Medicare Part A coverage

Hospital inpatient care.

Joint Commission role

Sets quality and safety standards for hospitals.

Policy that expanded Medicaid

The Affordable Care Act (ACA).

Last step of the policy cycle

Evaluation.

Autonomy

Respect for patient choice.

Informed consent requirement

Patient understanding of risks and options.

Consumerism promotion

Informed, engaged healthcare decisions by patients.

Nonmaleficence

Do no harm.

HCAHPS measures

Patient experience and satisfaction.