Master Hip Anatomy

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A synovial ball and socket joint

What are the 2 articular surfaces of the hip joint?

Acetabulum

Head of the Femur

What are the 5 intracapsular structures inside the capsule of the hip?

Transverse acetabular ligament

Ligamentum teres

Acetabular labrum

Acetabular fat pad

Synovial membrane

What are the 5 extracapsular structures outside the capsule of the hip?

Pubofemoral ligament

Ischiofemoral ligament

Iliofemoral ligament

Greater trochanteric bursa

Iliopsoas bursa

What are the names of the 5 ligaments at the hip?

Transverse acetabular ligament (Intra)

Ligamentum teres (Intra)

Iliofemoral ligament (Extra)

Ischiofemoral ligament (Extra)

Pubofemoral ligament (Extra)

What is the origin and insertion of the transverse acetabular ligament

Origin = Inferior opening of the hip socket

Insertion = Connects the two ends of the acetabular labrum

What is the origin and insertion of the ligamentum teres?

Origin = Acetabular Fossa

Insertion = Fovea Capitis

What is the origin and insertion of the iliofemoral ligament?

Origin = Between the ASIS and rim of the acetabulum

Insertion = Intertrochanteric line of the femur

What is the origin and insertion of the ischiofemoral ligament?

Origin = Ischial portion of the acetabular rim

Insertion = Upper trochanteric line and neck of the femur

What is the origin and insertion of the pubofemoral ligament?

Origin = Anterior and inferior surfaces of the pubis

Insertion = Lower part of the intertrochanteric line of the femur

Which hip movement are all of the ligaments relaxed?

Hip Flexion

Which hip movement are all of the ligaments taut (stretched)?

Hip Extension

Which ligament is taut during hip adduction?

Iliofemoral ligament

Which ligaments are taut during hip abduction?

Ischiofemoral and Pubofemoral ligaments

Which ligaments are taut during hip lateral rotation?

Iliofemoral and Pubofemoral ligaments

Which ligament is taut during medial rotation?

Ischiofemoral ligament

Which 3 parts of the hip provide the hip with mobility?

The size and shape (Ball and socket)

Synovial cavity, fluid and membrane

Hyaline Cartilage

Which 5 parts of the hip provide the hip with stability?

Congruence / depth of the joint surface

Acetabular labrum

Joint capsule

Large ligaments for support

Muscles around the joint

What are the 3 arteries that are located at the hip joint?

Circumflex femoral arteries

Obturator arteries

Gluteal arteries

What are the 3 nerves which are located at the hip joint?

Sciatic nerve

Obturator nerve

Femoral nerve

What is the normal range of motion for hip flexion?

120-145 degrees

What is the normal range of motion for hip extension?

20-30 degrees

What is the normal range of motion for hip abduction?

40-60 degrees

What is the normal range of motion for hip adduction?

20-40 degrees

What is the normal range of motion for hip medial rotation?

20-30 degrees

What is the normal range of motion for hip lateral rotation?

50-60 degrees

What muscles are being used during hip flexion?

Psoas major

Iliacus

Rectus femoris

What muscles are being used during hip extension?

Gluteus maximus

Hamstrings

What muscles are being used during hip abduction?

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

What muscles are being used during hip adduction?

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Adductor magnus

What muscles are being used during hip medial rotation?

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

What muscles are being used during hip lateral rotation?

Gluteus maximus

Piriformis

What limiting factors can affect hip flexion?

A thick, large abdominal wall

What limiting factors can affect hip extension?

The stretch of the anterior ligaments

What limiting factors can affect hip abduction?

The stretch of the adductor muscles and ligaments

What limiting factors can affect hip adduction?

The stretch of the abductor muscles and ligaments

What limiting factors can affect hip medial rotation?

The stretch of the lateral rotators and ligaments

What limiting factors can affect hip lateral rotation?

The stretch of the medial rotators and ligaments