The genetic code

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9 Terms

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Transcription

Converts DNA to RNA

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Translation

Converts RNA to a protein

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Gene

A section of DNA bases that codes for a specific protein

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Why are bases read as codons

To have 64 possible combinations making it possible to code for all 20 amino acids

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Start codons for mRNA

AUG (methionine)

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Stop codon for mRNA

UAA, UAG, UGA

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Properties of genetic code

Non overlapping

Triplet code

Degenerate

Universal

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Why DNA being degenerate is important

Most amino acids are codes by more than one codon so a mutation in the bases will still produce the same amino acid

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Why DNA being non-overlapping is important

Each base is part of of only one codon so a mutation affects only one amino acid