Hard

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] A student has 3.5 miles visibility, but CFI minimum is 5. Can they solo?

No. The CFI's 5-mile limit controls.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] A student has a valid solo sign-off but no pre-solo test review. Solo yet?

No. Instructor must review wrong answers first.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You leave KROS for your first solo cross-country. What extra sign-off is needed?

The required cross-country training and flight sign-offs under 61.93.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You plan solo through Class B with no Class B sign-off. Is radio clearance enough?

No. You also need specific Class B training and sign-off.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Your day solo begins in 4-mile visibility; it drops to 2. What now?

Don't continue as planned. Keep control and land safely as soon as practical.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Your logbook limits solo crosswind to 8 knots. Report says 9. What now?

Do not start the solo; talk with your CFI.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Part 61 private pilot: 40 total, 20 dual, 10 solo. Is that all you need?

No. Specific night, cross-country, and other flight tasks are also required.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Can a student solo use a 2-mile special VFR clearance to beat 61.89?

No. Student solo still needs at least 3 miles by day.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You move from a PA-28-180 to a PA-28-161. Same solo sign-off?

No. It must cover the model you fly.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] An instructor offers night solo without night training. Is it allowed?

No. Night training and a night solo sign-off are required.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] A student wants to take payment for photos from a solo flight. Allowed?

No. Student pilots cannot fly for pay or business.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Your CFI says 'no solo if winds gust above 15.' It's 10G18. Can you go?

No. The 18-knot gust is above the limit.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Can your 90-day solo endorsement replace a PAR test endorsement?

No. They cover different things.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You pass the PAR at 15. Can you take the private pilot checkride tomorrow?

No. Airplane private pilot applicants must be at least 17.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] A 16-year-old passes PAR and meets flight hours. What still blocks certification?

The private pilot age rule: 17 years old.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] If your PAR pass expires before the checkride, what must you do?

Pass a new knowledge test.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Can the fuel you expect to have on landing count as your day VFR reserve?

Yes, only if it covers at least 30 minutes at normal cruise.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You planned night reserve at 30 minutes. What needs to change?

Add enough fuel for a 45-minute reserve at normal cruise.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Can a private pilot split fuel with passengers but pay none of it?

No. The pilot must pay at least a fair share.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Are maintenance bills one of the listed private pilot shared costs?

No. The listed costs are fuel, oil, airport fees, and rental fees.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Does an ATC takeoff clearance remove the PIC's duty to avoid danger?

No. The PIC still has final responsibility.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] An instructor says your flight review was 25 months ago. Can you act as PIC without an exception?

No. You need a current flight review or allowed substitute.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You have 2 landings in 90 days. Is that enough to carry passengers?

No. You need 3 takeoffs and 3 landings.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] For night passenger currency, when must the full-stop landings occur?

From 1 hour after sunset to 1 hour before sunrise.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Why can't a basic 90-day solo sign-off alone cover a first solo cross-country?

It does not replace 61.93 cross-country training and flight approval.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Class B cleared you in, but you lack the student Class B solo sign-off. Enter?

No. You need both the ATC clearance and required solo endorsement.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Does a solo endorsement replace the need for a student certificate?

No. You need both.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Do most U.S. domestic flights need an aircraft radio station license?

No. It is generally required for international operations.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] Does every VFR-only plane need a 30-day VOR check?

No. That check is for IFR flights using VOR equipment.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] An annual expired yesterday. Can a student use that plane for a normal training flight?

No. It is not airworthy for that flight without a lawful exception.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] A private pilot flies 3 passengers. Total shared costs are $240. Pilot's least share?

$60, if all 4 share only allowed costs.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] You need 3 full-stop landings for night passengers. Two were 2 hours after sunset, one 20 minutes after. Enough?

No. Only 2 count in the night passenger-currency window.

[Part 61 & pre-solo rules] An airplane has a current annual but a required transponder check expired. Can you use it in airspace that needs the transponder?

Not without meeting the required check or an allowed exception.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You call tower 8 miles out. It says 'Cherokee 45X, standby.' Enter Class D?

Two-way contact exists, but obey any other ATC directions.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You call tower 8 miles out. It says 'aircraft calling, standby.' Enter D?

No. They did not use your call sign; stay out and call again.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower: 'Cherokee 45X, enter right base Runway 27.' What do you do?

Enter the right base as told; look for traffic and keep spacing.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower: 'Cherokee 45X, extend downwind; I'll call base.' Turn base now?

No. Stay on downwind until tower calls your base turn.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower: 'Traffic at 2 o'clock, two miles.' You cannot see it. Say what?

'Negative contact, Cherokee 45X.' Keep looking.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower: 'Runway 27, cleared for the option.' Is this a takeoff clearance?

No. It allows several landing options, not takeoff from a stop.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower: 'Number two following Cessna, cleared to land Runway 27.' Land?

Yes if safe; keep traffic in sight and follow the landing clearance.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You are on final. Tower gives landing clearance to another call sign. Land?

No. Your call sign was not cleared; ask or go around.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You hear a fast ATC call but only catch your call sign. What now?

Ask ATC to 'say again' and don't guess.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You are leaving KROS and nobody answers on CTAF. Can you depart?

Only if the runway, path, and traffic are safe; there is no ATC clearance.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] At KROS, a plane announces a 'straight-in' while you are downwind. What now?

Find it, share your position, and work out safe spacing. Don't assume priority.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You plan to fly from KROS into Class D nearby. What must happen first?

Check chart, use right ATC frequency, and get two-way contact before entry.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] The ATIS changes from Bravo to Charlie during taxi. What should you do?

Get the new info and tell ATC if needed.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Ground answers another Cherokee with a similar number. What do you do?

Make sure the call sign is yours before following anything.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You only catch half of a taxi route. Guess the rest?

No. Ask for the whole route or the missing part again.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] ATC tells you to do something unsafe while low on fuel. What now?

Tell ATC 'unable,' explain, and fly safely.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Why is 'roger' a poor readback of a takeoff clearance?

It does not show which runway and clearance you heard.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Is 'wilco' enough to confirm a runway hold-short order?

No. Read back the runway and hold-short part.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You switch frequency but nobody answers. What comes first?

Check the frequency and radio settings; retry or return to previous ATC if needed.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower says 'make left closed traffic' after takeoff. What does that mean?

Stay in the pattern using left turns as instructed.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower says 'extend downwind, I'll call base.' When can you turn base?

When ATC tells you or if safety requires a different action.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You are already on final, another pilot asks for straight-in. What is safest?

Share positions and keep safe spacing; never assume right-of-way.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] A student solo is only approved for full-stop landings. Does 'cleared for option' change that?

No. Follow the instructor's solo limits.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You lose sight of traffic you were told to follow. What now?

Tell ATC right away and keep safe spacing.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You were told to report midfield but are unsure of your spot. What now?

Say where you are and ask ATC for help.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower says 'Cherokee 123, hold short Runway 18.' What must your readback include?

Your call sign, 'hold short,' and Runway 18.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] You're on final and tower says 'go around, traffic on runway.' What now?

Go around using your POH steps; follow ATC when safe.

[Tower radio & traffic patterns] Tower says 'Cherokee 123, cleared low approach Runway 27.' May you touch down?

No. That clearance is for a low approach, not a landing.

[Taxi & runway safety] Ground says 'Taxi Runway 27 via Alpha, cross Runway 18, hold short 27.' Next?

Cross 18 only as cleared, then stop short of 27; read it all back.

[Taxi & runway safety] Ground: 'Taxi Runway 27 via Alpha' and Alpha crosses 18. Cross 18?

No. Ask for a separate clearance to cross Runway 18.

[Taxi & runway safety] You're holding short and another pilot says 'you're good.' Cross?

No. At a towered field, only ATC can clear that crossing.

[Taxi & runway safety] Tower: 'Runway 27 line up and wait.' You see traffic on final. What now?

Tell tower about the traffic before entering if it looks unsafe.

[Taxi & runway safety] Tower cleared takeoff, but you see a plane still on your runway. Go?

No. Hold and tell tower; safety comes first.

[Taxi & runway safety] You got 'cross Runway 18' but can't see beyond a truck. Cross now?

Stop and wait until you know the crossing is safe.

[Taxi & runway safety] At a towered airport, you're lost during taxi. Is stopping okay?

Yes, stop safely and tell ground your location.

[Taxi & runway safety] Ground gave a taxi route you can't trace on the chart. Best reply?

'Unable to confirm route; request progressive taxi.'

[Taxi & runway safety] You left a runway at a towered field but are not past its hold line. Call clear?

No. Move fully past the hold line first.

[Taxi & runway safety] Your taxi clearance ends 'hold short Runway 27'. Must you read that back?

Yes. Read back Runway 27 and 'hold short' with call sign.

[Taxi & runway safety] At KROS, a plane calls 'departing 16' while you are about to enter 16. What now?

Hold clear; find the plane and wait until safe.

[Taxi & runway safety] You see the sign 'A' black on yellow with an arrow. What is it?

Taxiway A direction sign; follow the arrow only if route is safe.

[Taxi & runway safety] Why should you not treat the taxiway edge as a centerline?

The edge marks the side; the centerline is one yellow line.

[Taxi & runway safety] Does a dashed taxiway edge mean every runway beyond it may be entered?

No. Runway entry still needs proper safety checks and clearance.

[Taxi & runway safety] You see red runway numbers before the hold line. What should that remind you?

You may be near an active runway; stop unless safe and cleared.

[Taxi & runway safety] Can you use pavement before a displaced threshold for takeoff?

Often yes, if approved and safe; check runway information.

[Taxi & runway safety] Could yellow chevrons be counted as takeoff runway length?

No. They mark unusable area.

[Taxi & runway safety] Why aren't yellow runway edge lights taxiway centerline lights?

They warn of remaining runway near the far end.

[Taxi & runway safety] You see blue lights but are unsure of the taxiway path. What now?

Stop safely and use the airport diagram or ask ground.

[Taxi & runway safety] Can green centerline lights replace your ATC taxi clearance?

No. You must still follow your clearance.

[Taxi & runway safety] Ground says taxi to 27 via A, but your next taxiway sign is C. What now?

Stop safely, check your position, and ask ground.

[Taxi & runway safety] Tower gives you an immediate crossing clearance but a vehicle is on the runway. Cross?

No. Stay clear and tell ATC; safety comes first.

[Light signals & emergencies] In Class D VFR, radio fails before landing. What 3 things allow landing?

Basic VFR weather, tower in sight, and a landing clearance by light.

[Light signals & emergencies] Tower flashes green at you in flight. Can you land right then?

No. Return for landing; wait for steady green.

[Light signals & emergencies] Tower gives steady red on short final. What should you do?

Give way, keep circling, and don't land.

[Light signals & emergencies] Your engine stops at 400 feet after takeoff. Turn back to runway?

Usually unsafe. Keep control; pick a safe place ahead per training.

[Light signals & emergencies] You hear a stall horn on a slow, low turn. First move?

Reduce angle of attack; level wings as able and add power.

[Light signals & emergencies] On final, your sink rate is high and landing is unstable. What now?

Go around early; follow your plane's steps.

[Light signals & emergencies] Your engine feels rough and power drops. What's the order?

Fly the plane, choose a landing spot, then use checklist and call for help.

[Light signals & emergencies] Radio fails and the transponder works. Which code helps ATC?

7600 for lost two-way radio contact.

[Light signals & emergencies] Smoke starts inside the cabin. Which checklist should guide actions?

The plane's smoke/fire checklist; plan to land fast and safely.

[Light signals & emergencies] At KROS with radio failure, will a control tower send light guns?

No. KROS has no tower; look for traffic and land safely.

[Light signals & emergencies] A pilot says 'mayday' three times. What does it mean?

Immediate danger; the pilot needs urgent help.

[Light signals & emergencies] A pilot says 'pan-pan' three times. What does it mean?

Urgent problem, but not an immediate life-or-death emergency.

[Light signals & emergencies] Does squawk 7700 replace an emergency radio call?

No. Use the radio if you can.

[Light signals & emergencies] Radio fails but your transponder still works. Why use 7600?

It tells radar controllers you have radio trouble.

[Light signals & emergencies] Is 7500 the correct code for a routine lost radio?

No. Use 7600 for radio failure.

[Light signals & emergencies] Why should an emergency call include your position and what you need?

It helps ATC get help to the right place.

[Light signals & emergencies] A problem becomes life-threatening after a Pan-Pan call. What should you do?

Upgrade to Mayday and say what help is needed.