Energy Foldable vocab

metabolic pathway

series of chemical reactions that build or break down molecules in cells

Catabolic Pathway

series of reactions that generate energy by breaking larger molecules

anabolic pathway

series of reactions that lose energy by building molecules

bioenergetics

the study of how organisms acquire, transform, and use energy for biological functions

energy

the ability to do work

kinetic energy

energy of motion

thermal energy

random motion of molecules at a given temperature

heat

how thermal energy is felt or perceived
total kinetic energy

potential energy

stored energy related to object’s position and/or structure

chemical energy

a form of potential energy held in the chemical bonds of molecules

thermodynamics

relationships between energy and heat

entropy

amount of disorder (number of possible positions) of a system

spontaneous process

occurs without outside energy input (negative charge)

Gibbs free energy

amount of energy available to do work

exergonic reaction

negative ∆G; proceeds spontaneously and releases energy

endergonic reaction

positive ∆G; requires energy input and is not spontaneous

energy coupling

driving of non-spontaneous reaction by a spontaneous reaction