Math Semester Review

Natural Numbers

The set of positive integers, excluding zero.

Whole Numbers

The set of all positive counting numbers including zero.

Integers

The set of whole numbers, including positive, negative numbers, and zero.

Rational Numbers

Numbers that can be expressed as fractions, including terminating and repeating decimals.

Real Number System Diagram

A visual representation showing how various sets of numbers are nested within the Real Number System.

Keep-Change-Flip (KCF) Rule

A method for subtracting integers by keeping the first number, changing the operation to multiplication, and flipping the fractionof the second number.

Least Common Denominator (LCD)

The smallest common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions, used for adding or subtracting fractions.

Perfect Squares

Numbers that are the square of whole numbers, such as 1, 4, 9, 16, etc.

Square Root

A value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. (the number you multiply by itself to get another number)

Primary Rule for Signs in Multiplication/Division of Integers

If the signs of the two integers are the same, the result is positive; if the signs are different, the result is negative.

Scientific Notation

A way to express very large or very small numbers using powers of ten, formatted as a × 10^n.

Simple Interest

The extra money earned or paid calculated only on the original amount (principal) over time.