ch. 17 review

List and explain an argument that counters the notion that European culture is inherently more suited to industry and technology.

In 1750, core area of Europe and Africa enjoyed similar level of economic development

Explain why Britain was the first European country to industrialize.

Britain had a ready supply of coal and iron ore, the resources that fueled industrialization.

In what ways did the Industrial Revolution transform the human relationship to the natural world?

People learned to access energy resources derived from outside the biosphere

**How did industrialization shape the nature and form of social protest in the nineteenth century world?

* movements emerged that fought for workers rights
* strikes became a common form of protest
* Marxism advocated violent revolution and class struggle
* Trade unions were established as an institutional means of communicating worker grievances

**How did social class effect how women experienced the Industrial Revolution?

* women assumed roles as homemakers, wives and mothers
* identifications as a "lady" was based on not having to work outside the home
* Having a servant was a marker of middle class status
* Married women took in boarders, did laundry, and sewed clothes

\*\*How did industrialization in the United States differ from industrialization in Britain?

* The US gov played an important role in industrialization
* ideas of socialism, especially Marxism, didn't appeal to American workers nearly as much as they did to workers in Britain
* wages and living standards for workers were generally higher in American than in Britain

Explain what played a greater role in industrial development than in the United States or Western Europe.

The state

Asses the factors for the failure of socialism to take root in the United States.

The availability of cheap land and high rates of home ownership

\*\*What problems emerged in Latin America following the revolutions that secured the regions political independence?

* a number of international wars in post-independence century shook the new nation of Latin America
* Political life within the new countries was turbulent and unstable
* While the economies of Latin America grew, they were largely financed by foreign capital and depended heavily on exports to the industrializing countries

How did the movement toward industrialization in the 19th century affect Latin America?

Latin America provided the food products, raw materials, and markets for industrializing countries

**What role did Latin American countries play in the global economy in the 19th century?

* Latin America exported foo products and raw materials to industrializing countries and imported and manufactured luxury good in return
* Foreign capital investment built railroads throughout Latin America to facilitate the shipping of goods to overseas markets
* Latin American economic growth depended on European and American decision and prosperity

Explain the results of the Industrial Revolution.

An increase in production in mining, manufacturing, and services

To what extent does the Industrial Revolution deserve to be called a revolution.

* the definition of a revolution is a sudden, radical, or complete change
* inventions such as the water frame, flying shuttle, and factory system would have a positive impact on society
* Rise of labor unions led to fair wages and improved working conditions.