Histology Lab Vocab

Simple Squamous (e.t.) location

lining of blood vessels, aveoli (sacs of air in lungs), lining of body cavities

Simple Squamous (e.t.) function

diffusion, filtration, secretion, absorption

Simple squamous (e.t.) structure

flat jigsaw puzzle, large surface area, and flat nucleus

Epithelial Tissue (e.t.) Functions

Protective underlying structures, barrier, passage for substances, secrete substances, filtration, absorption

Simple Cubodial (e.t.) Structure

small cube-like shape (rarely perfect cubes), free space in the center of the ring, ring-shaped formation, small cube-like shape

Simple Cubodial (e.t.) location

kidney tubules, glands and gland ducts

Simple Cubodial (e.t.) function

transport of secretion, diffusion of molecules

Simple Columnar (e.t.) Location

stomach, colon (large intestine), fallopian tube

Simple Columnar (e.t.) function

secretion of mucus, movement of particles, lines and protects

Simple Columnar (e.t.) structure

elongated nuclei, blue cytoplasm, CAN have cilia, CAN have goblets

Simple Ciliated Columnar w/goblets (limited) (e.t.)

columnar cells w/cilia (cilia keeps eggs moving along), looks like two layer (one Cubodial and one Columnar) but really it is just new cells developing

Stratified Squamos-Nonkeratinized (moist) (e.t.) Structure

top older layer clearly stratified, bottom layers undefined cells (new developing cells), curvy structure

Stratified Squamos-Nonkeratinized (moist) (e.t.) Function

protection against abrasion

Stratified Squamos-Nonkeratinized (moist) (e.t.) Location

esophagus, vagina

Stratified Squamos-Keratinized (e.t.) Structure

top layer of dead cells, lower living layers, wavy elongated structure

Stratified Squamos-Keratinized (e.t.) Function

protection against abrasion

Stratified Squamos-Keratinized (e.t.) location

Skin

Keratin

a protein secreted by dying cells that acts like glue; glues the rows of dead cells and acts as barrier

goblets

produce mucus

Stratified Columnar (e.t.) Structure

top layer Columnar, bottom layers look cubodial but will become columnar, round doming formation

Stratified Columnar (e.t.) Function

protection, secretion

Stratified Columnar (e.t.) Location

mammary glands

Transitional (e.t.) location

urinary bladder

Transitional (e.t.) Function

accomodates fluctuations in volume of fluid

Transitional (e.t.) structure

stratified cells, irregular shapes, dome structure

Pseudostratified columnar (e.t.) Structure

little cellular definition, single layer of cells not all reach the free surface, contain cilia, looks like multiple layers but not actually

Pseudostratified columnar (e.t.) function

synthesize and secretes mucus

Pseudostratified columnar (e.t.) location

nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi

Cilia

sweeps mucus and debris (dust in goblet cells) upward; little hairs on top of structure

Connective Tissue (c.t.) (no free surface) Function

enclose and separate, connecting tissues to one another, support and movement, storage, cushion and insulate

Adipose/fat tissue (c.t.) Structure

ribbon-like cytoplasm w/one nucleus per cell, large empty space in the middle of the cell where fat goes, nuclei pushed to side

Adipose/fat tissue (c.t.) Function

insulation and cushion, energy storage, protection

Adipose/fat tissue (c.t.) location

throughout the body

Dense Regular Tissue (c.t.) Structure

fibers run in same direction, little matrix visible, more fibers than cells

Dense Regular Tissue (c.t.) Function

great strength, resists pulling forces, attaches structures (ex: muscle to bone)

Dense Regular Tissue (c.t.) location

tendons (regular), ligaments (wavier/irregular)

Reticular Tissue (c.t.) Structure

fibers arranged in circle shape, thin-branching fibers, loose web-like

Reticular Tissue (c.t.) Function

structure for lymph nodes, strength and support to tissues (bc fibers are interlocking)

Reticular Tissue (c.t.) Location

lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

Hyaline/Articulating Cartilage (c.t.) Structure

chondrocytes (cartilage cells) surrounded by transparent collagen fibers, chondrocytes surrounded by lucnae, matrix looks smooth

Hyaline/Articulating Cartilage (c.t.) Function

rigid support w/some flexibility, foundation for bone formation, to provide free movement between bones

Hyaline/Articulating Cartilage (c.t.) Location

long bones, articulating surface of bones, growth plates

Elastic Cartilage (c.t.) Structure

elastic fibers found throughout matrix, chondrocytes surrounded by thinner lacunae, long oval cells

Elastic Cartilage (c.t.) Function

flexible support

Elastic Cartilage (c.t.) Location

external ears, epiglottis, ribs

lacunae

spaces/cavities in the hard matrix of bone and cartilage that house living cells

Fibrocartilage

similar to hyaline cartilage but w/ a lot more collagen fibers

Areolar/Loose (c.t) Structure

loose collagen and elastic fibers, space between fibers and cells, large circles are blood vessels w/blood cells in them

Areolar/Loose (c.t) Function

binds and support tissue, cushions organs, allows movement between adjacent tissues, pathway for blood vessels

Areolar/Loose (c.t) Location

beneath epithelial tissues, around blood vessels and fat cells, between tissues, basement membrane of epididymus

Cancellous Bone (c.t.) Structure

Lattice structure, trabeculae (thin plates), open spaces, no osteons

Cancellous Bone (c.t.) Function

scaffholding without adding weight

Cancellous Bone (c.t.) Location

interior of flat bones, interior of long bones

Compact Bone (c.t.) Structure

cocentric circles around a central canal, bone cells (osteocytes) surrounded by lacunae, little open space

Compact Bone (c.t.) Function

strength and support

Compact Bone (c.t.) Location

outer portions of flat bones, shafts of long bones

Blood (c.t.) Structure

blood cells, fluid matrix (plasma), different types of blood cells

Blood (c.t.) Function

transport nutrients, removes waste

Blood (c.t.) Location

blood vessels

Mucus Connective Tissue (c.t.)

only in the womb of the umbilical cord (connecting baby to mom); not actually mucus, but wharton’s jelly between the fibers; highly fibrous tissue; used for support

Pseudo ciliated columnar w/goblets: Trachea

nuclei looks stratified but isn’t; cilia sweeps mucus & debris upward (gets trapped in goblet cells then mucus/debris gets secreted)

Pseudo ciliated columnar w/limited goblets: Epididymis

has stereocilia (one giant cilium); stereocilia does not sweep things along, instead nourishes sperm cells; U-shaped

Glandular ET: stomach (produces mucus and secretes HCI in the stomach)

simple columnar ET; dark nuclei at edge

Glandular ET: Uterus

apocrine (piece of cell get secreted) gland; simple columnar ET; no mucus, just mucus like secretion

Glandular ET: Rectum

some cells have goblets