Honors Biology: Unit 11 Gene Expressions - Learning Targets

Translation

________ is the making of proteins using mRNAs genetic information (in the form of nucleotide bases)

tail

The ________ prolongs the lifespan and allows the RNA to leave the nucleus.

cap

The ________ allows mRNA to attach to the ribosome and leave the nucleus.

Transcription

What is the forming and synthesis of mRNA from the DNA template (with a nucleotide sequence) in the nucleus? Answer with a single words or term.

Exons

What are spliced together, using splicing enzymes? Answer with a single words or term.

DNA

________ is copied to RNA in transcription, and RNA makes proteins in translation.

Introns

________ are removed, which dont code for DNA /RNA.

different species

Demonstrate how ________ generate different proteins using the same process of.

mRNA

What is complementary to the template strand of DNA and is used during both transcription and translation? Answer with a single words or term.

Oftentimes the stop codon

Inserting and deleting DNA segments can alter a gene by changing its reading frame of codons (frameshift mutations) What is also changed, resulting in a shorter protein? Answer with a single words or term.

Genes

What are sections in DNA strands, as genetic material is stored in nucleic acids, or the long chains of nucleotides? Answer with a single words or term.

gene mutation

A(n) ________ can give rise to a faulty protein that has a role in the process of cell reproduction.

RNA processing

________ turns the primary transcript, or pre- mRNA, into usable RNA in the nucleus.

Substitution mutations

What are also known as point mutations? Answer with a single words or term.

DNA of different species

The ________ would vary because of genetic variation.

protein of the red blood cell

The ________ becomes a sickle shape instead of a rounded shape, making it harder for the cell to transport oxygen- carrying hemoglobin throughout the body.

Different species

________ generate different proteins, even though they all use the same process of transcription and translation.