quiz dna

How many chromosomes in humans? (Most cells)

23 pairs

What contains the genome

Nucleus

What are DNA strands wrapped around

Histones

Sections of part are called

Genes

What contains the instructions for making proteins

Genes

When a gene is switched on, what attaches to the start of the gene?

RNA Polymerase

What makes a strand of messenger RNA

RNA POLYMERASE

Where is mRNA made?

Nucleus

What determines the order in which the free bases are added to mRNA

DNA CODE

What called when free bases are added to mRNA?

Transcription

Where does translation occur?

Cytoplasm

Protein factories in the cytoplasm are called -

Ribosomes

How many types of amino acids are there?

20

What carries the amino acids to the ribosome ?

Transfer RNA

Messenger RNA is read by how many bases at a time ?

3

Once the last amino acid is added, what happens ?

Folds to create a protein

The lagging strand has to copied which way?

Backwards

Digestion uses what two things to break down food particles into usable ?

Proteins and enzymes

DNA is a continuous strand of what?

Nucleotides

Every gene begins with a what region

Promoter

Every gene ends with what region ?

Terminator

What process happens when encoded RNA synthesizes a protein ?

translation

Gene expression is divided into what two processes?

Transcription translation

What is the template for messenger RNA?

DNA

The information in messenger RNA is used to make a -

Polypeptide

Three stages of transcription ?

Initiation elongation and termination

What region of the gene is a recognition site for RNA POLYMERASE ?

Promoter region

Exons code for -

Proteins

Non-coding sections of a gene

Introns

WHERE does the messenger RNA LEAVE THE NUCLEUS FROM?

Nucelopore

Three letter codes are called

Codons

Genetic code has how many codons ?

64

Codons code for

Amino acids

Four special codons

Start and 3 for stop

Each amino acid is brought to the ribosome by

Transfer RNA

Type of amino acid is determined by the ___ sequence of the transfer RNA

Three regions in large ribosomal subunit

E P AND A SITES

The purpose of translation is to make

Polypeptides

What holds nucleotides together

H-bonds

What enzyme separates the DNA strand?

Helicase