Cosmology and the Origins of the Universe

Vocabulary flashcards covering the origins of the universe, the Big Bang theory, element formation, and evidence for cosmic expansion.

Universe

All of space and everything in it.

Big Bang Theory

The theory stating that $14\text{ billion}$ years ago, all matter was compressed into an unbelievably hot and dense point called a singularity, which exploded and sent matter, space, and time in every direction.

Singularity

An unbelievably hot and dense point into which all matter was compressed $14\text{ billion}$ years ago before exploding.

Subatomic Particles

Simple structures like quarks, protons, neutrons, and electrons that were formed in the first seconds after the Big Bang.

Hydrogen and Helium

Elements formed when simple subatomic particles combined shortly after the Big Bang.

Nuclear Fusion

The process inside of stars through which elements other than hydrogen and helium were formed.

Edwin Hubble

The astronomer who found that galaxies are moving apart from each other and that galaxies that are farther away from us move faster.

Outward Expanding Galaxies

A key piece of evidence for the Big Bang demonstrating that galaxies are moving apart from each other, with farther galaxies moving faster.

Doppler Effect

The method used to determine whether galaxies and stars are moving away from or towards us.