Extended Response Writing Background Info

450-1150 AD Old English

450 Roman Empire withdraws from England
Ango, Saxons and Jutes all speak different language and were from different areas established Kingdoms together and spread across the country
Their language influenced removal of Latin, Celtic, and Germanic.

8th-9th Century

Viking Invasion brought Old Norse
Old Norse was made up from other languages of countries (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, and Celtic)
Vikings arrived as settlers and Invaders
Their language mixed with the Angles, Jutes, and the Saxons
Examples of Old Norse include: Freckle, root, sky, egg, and window.

1150-1500 AD Middle English

Shaped by the Norman Conquest of 1066
William the Conqueror defeated Herald and brought Old Norman Language
Old Norman was a language used for the Elite and the courts
English was seen as a more poor language and used for the lower class and was a mix of Old Norse, Anglo, Saxon, and the Jutes
Latin was the language of the Church
Old Norse gave the influence of French- 30% of English was French words, especially those used in the courts, law, governance, and literature.
Grammatical changes such as a more fixed word order and Gender distinctions were lost
Time of literary works.

1500-1700 AD Early Modern English

Printing Press and Renaissance had a large influence on this era
Started in Italy and there were great advances in science literature and art
Latin and Greek borrowed words entered English
Printing press made literature more accessible and cheaper
Standardized spelling and grammar to what we can recognize today
The great vowel shift was an example of this great change
Systematic change in the pronunciation of long vowels.