ap psych intelligence

intelligence

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

general intelligence

a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

emotional intelligence

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

achievement test

a test designed to assess what a person has learned.

aptitude test

a test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

standardization

defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

flynn effect

the worldwide, generational rise in average IQ test scores over time (about 3 points per decade).

reliability

the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.

validity

the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

content validity

the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

construct validity

how much a test measures a concept or trait.

predictive validity

the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

test-retest reliability

a measure used in research to access the consistency or stability of a measurement instrument over time. It specifically examines whether the same results are obtained when the same individuals or objects are measured on two separate occasions.

split-half reliability

a statistical method that evaluates the consistency of test items.

cross sectional study

a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another.

longitudinal study

research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period.

growth mindset

a focus on learning and growing rather than viewing as fixed.

fixed mindset

the view that intelligence, abilities, and talents are unchangeable, even with effort

stereotype threat

a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.

stereotype lift

a performance boost that occurs when downward comparisons are made with a

denigrated outgroup.