Glycolisis

Phase 1

Break glucose into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, requires spending two ATP

Phase 2

Convert the two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into two pyruvate, generates four ATP: payoff phase.

Step 1 (Phase 1)

Hexano kinase adds phosphoryl group to glucose from ATP to make Glucose-6-phosphate. Irreversible

Step 2 (Phase 1)

Glucose-6-phosphate is made into fructose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucoisomerase.

Step 3 (Phase 1)

Fructose-6-phosphate has another phosphoryl group added to its other side to make fructose-1,6-bisphosphate using a phosphoryl group using phosphofructokinase. Irreversible

Step 4 (Phase 1)

Aldolase breaks fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two molecules. DHAP and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, DHAP reacts with Triose phosphateisomerase to create a second molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Step 5 (Phase 2)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized and NAD is reduced with a hydride to form NADH and 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate using glyceraldehyde3-phosphatedehydrogenase.

Step 6 (Phase 2)

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate reacts with phosphoglycerate kinase and ADP to create ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate.

Step 7 (Phase 2)

3-phosphoglycerate is converted into its isomer using phosphoglycerate mutase 2-phosphoglycerate.

Step 8 (Phase 2)

2-phosphoglycerate loses a molecule of water, using enolase, becoming phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).

Step 9 (Phase 2)

PEP and ADP react with pyruvate kinase to create pyruvate. (Irreversible)