atoms, element and introduction to periodic table

matter

is anything that occupies space and has mass or it can be defined at anything that occupies a volume and has a mass

law of conservation of matter

matter is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction

all matter is made up of atoms

subatomic particles, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons

atom

smallest part of an element that can exist, have random continuous motion (kinetic theory)

element

a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means to simpler substances, pure substances

substance

matter of particular or definite chemical consitituion, can be pure or mixed, can be compond or element

compound

a distinct substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined, substance composed of identical molecules consisting of two or more elements

what are atoms made of

subatomic particles; protons, neutrons, and electrons

the nucleus

centre that consists of protons and neutrons

atomic mass/weight

atoms of different elements have different mass which is reffered to as atomic mass

periodic tabel

is a database of elements grouped together with similar chemical properties

periodic table arrangment

elements according to similarities in their chemical and physical properties

last natural element

1994

experimently derived elements

usually short lived species, nihonium 113, highly radioactive metal, only a few atoms have ever made

EUChemS periodic table

the european chemical society periodic table shows elements in relation to their availability on earth

identifying elements

each substance had a set of properties that are characteristic of that substance element, give it a unique identity, personal traits of that substance, physical properties, chemical properties

physical properties

characterisitics of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance; odour, colour, size, shape, density, freezing and boiling point, melting point

cheimcal properties

describe the ability of a substance to form new substances, chemical reactions, decomposition

metals

shiny malleable elements that conduct heat and electricity well, solid at room temp, tend to form positive ions, metalloids have properties between metals and non metals

non metals

more varied properties, dull and brittle, poor consuctors, good insulators, tend to form negative ions

groups

vertical columns, 18, similar chemical properties and physical properties

main groups

G1 - alkali metals, G2 - alkaline earth metals, G7 - halogens, G8 - noble gases

periods

horizontal columns, 7