Chapter 9.1: Atomic Properties and Chemical Bonds

Flashcards from Chapter 9.1 of Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change.

Bonding

This lowers the potential energy between positive and negative particles

• Can be imperfectly modeled with classifications

Ionic bonding

This occurs between atoms with large differences in their tendencies to lose or gain electrons

• Often occurs between reactive metals and nonmetals to form a noble gas configuration for a solid

Covalent bonding

This occurs between atoms with small differences in their tendencies to lose or gain electrons

• Often occurs with electron-sharing nonmetals as separate molecules form

Metallic bonding

This occurs between metals when electrons are shared, with electrons being “pooled” (delocalized) due to low electron affinity that creates attractions between the positive nuclei

Lewis electron-dot symbol

A way of representing an atom through drawing a symbol that represents the nucleus and core electrons with dots representing the reactive valence electrons

• Dots are drawn one at a time on each side until all valence electrons are represented, demonstrating a target towards the octet rule

Octet rule

A generalization of atomic bonding that states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons to attain a filled outer level of eight electrons