Midterm Questions

In the Party Room, Phys Phab Jenna listed to some of your Phellow Physers discuss the types of direct communicators. She heard one Physer correctly state that this communication requires the two cells to ___ be in direct contact and has ___ allowing for movement of larger compounds between two cells.

Sometimes - tunneling nanotubes

Due to an infection with Zika virus, a fetus can be born with an atypically small head (microcephaly) that is maintained through their lifetime. This situation is an example of

Developmental acclimatization

Before lecture, you sat down next to some Phellow Physers who were discussing an irreversible Critical Equation. One correctly stated that carbon dioxide is __ its product and water is __ a reactant.

Always - never

Which statement is an example of casual reasoning?

A deficit of sodium will lead to decreased electrical activity by neurons.

Which is a correct statement about homeostatic control system?

Their goals can be influenced by genetics.

They are able to do proactive responses.

Carmen is passionate about bridges and creates the correct analogies with drawbridges (get lowered as needed) being like __ while the space under a typical bridge are like __.

Juxtacrines - gap junctions

Understanding how insulin allows for a decrease in plasma glucose levels addresses the __ in physiology. Having the ability to detect environmental glucose to maximize the acquiring of this scarce element addresses the __ in physiology.

Mechanism - purpose

While working in the Party Room, you were asked to compare and contrast our Critical Equations. In accomplishing this task, you correctly realized that you were doing which level of Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy?

Analyzing

Brutus Buckeye’s house was hit by many storms this summer. One had a tree branch puncture his roof and a couple had him lose power (i.e., electricity). Brutus repaired his roof and bought an electrical generator. Using his physiology knowledge, he correctly realized that he had done

Both feedforward and negative feedback.

Based on Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy, in the assessments this term, you will be required to the material by doing actions such as __.

Analyze - differentiate the items in a set

Which of the following tasks best exemplifies the “Analyzing” level of Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy?

Using traits to differentiate between the multiple different types of direct intercellular communication forms.

Phys Phab Isaac was helping a Physer learn about the Ideal Gas Law. Afterwards, the Physer correctly stated that

Neither statement is correct.

A gallon-sized milk container would be defining the V.

A pressure cooker cooks food because both V and n are held constant.

A device has continually measured Dr. Gray’s Patient X’s body temperature for the last week. Reviewing the data, Patient X is very concerned that their body temperature was not relatively constant during that week. Dr. G. correctly tells X that

Neither statement is correct.

Body temperature is typically greater at 1100 when compared to 0200.

After a fall on the Oval, UGTA Katie used an ice pack to soothe her sore knee. She correctly stated that

Both statements are correct.

She accomplished an example of negative feedback.

Applying the ice pack was done using an efferent pathway to reduce the pain.

Charlie Cardinal wants to have lot of energy currency available this Saturday. He correctly knows that he will need to

Indirectly create an increase in acid production.

Utilize his Critical Equation #2 to develop this build thus also making water.

Which is a correct statement about functional units?

They are present in organs but not tissues.

All of one’s cells will have the same genome.

While walking on the Oval, Phys Phab Sophia observed another walker with a dog on a four-foot leash. She correctly created the physiology analogy where the walker and dog are like two cells within the leash being like __ since it __.

A fibrous protein - prevents them from being separated by more than four feet.

Collagen - allows them to move around each other.

Phellow Physer Carmen wants to increase their levels of free radicals. Consequently, they correctly realize that they

Should not be taking melatonin during this attempted increase.

Will experience damage to their healthy cells.

Which is a correct statement about the extracellular matrix?

It impacts the specialization of cells.

Its elastin allows for greater cell movement than equal length collagen.

Its water is hydrogen bonded to its sugar structures.

Phellow Physer Sloopy dreamed that they were an indirect communicator that traveled long distances. Consequently, Sloopy correctly realized that they could have been released __ and travels in __.

A gland - a lipophobic fluid

Which is a correct statement about cells of the skin?

Two cells might not have the same lipodome.

They might be epithelial cells.

The phospholipids in the plasma membrane are more numerous than the __ and larger than the __.

Proteins - cholesterol

The presence of cholesterol increases the __ of the plasma membrane and increases the blocking of __ compounds.

Stiffness - hydrophilic

Professor Phabulous correctly helped a student understand that elastin is surrounded by __ fluid and is __ found inside of cells.

Interstitial - never

For the communication methods, __ can correctly be combined because they are the only two that __.

Both statements are correct.

Paracrines and neurotransmitters - utilize the mid-sized fluid compartment

Which is a correct statement about the plasma membrane?

It separates the interstitial from the cytosolic fluid.

Both statements are correct.

Unfortunately, Bevo (Texas Longhorn is not feeling well. As he wants to be his best this Saturday, Brutus Buckeye correctly tells Bevo to

Add oxidants to his meals.

Both statements are correct.

Neither statement is correct.

Dr. May Zen Blue has concocted a devious device to harm BuckeyeNation. This new device instantly removes all of the midsized fluid compartment of its Buckeye victims. Consequently, this device will

Both statements are correct.

Neither statement is correct.

Remove less than half of the total fluid.

Fascia is the term for a layer of connective cells that is fibrous and commonly found around muscles, blood vessels and nerves. Fascia would be best described as

Neither statement is correct.

Phys Phab Siham is enjoying a delicious beverage that is slightly salty. She correctly realizes that this beverage contains which type(s) of bonds?

Hydrogen

As Flash the Golden Eagle was taking his usual morning jog so as to be prepared for this Saturday’s contest in the Shoe, his jogging partner Brutus Buckeye correctly pointed out that this aerobic exercise has them creating an increased net amount of __ and __ their electron transport chains.

Pyruvate - using

In a dream, you have two of your red blood cells (RBCs). You place RBC 1 in a beaker of hypertonic plasma and RBC 2 in another beaker but with hypotonic plasma. You correctly predicted in your dream that, after a short while, RBC __ will appear __ than RBC __.

2 - smoother - 1

1 - smaller - 2

2 - bigger - 1

Phellow Physer Carmen was working on the upper level of Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy for Learning, specifically “analyzing,” and created which correct statement about the extracellular matrix and the glycocalyx?

A loss of glucose would impact both.

Only one is utilized for identification.

As a phun physio lab assignment, Phellow Physer Libby Thompson filled a beaker with 2 L water then added 3 mol CaCl₂, 1 mol table salt, and 2 mol FADH₂. Libby correctly stated that this solution’s osmolarity was

6.5 osm

Which is a correct statement about protein channels?

Mechanically-gated channels are opened when the plasma membrane is stretched.

Calcium channels only allow calcium to move through them.

Aquaporins only allow water to move through them.

Which is a correct statement about the glycocalyx?

It is created by short chains of carbohydrates with many branches.

It is typically only found attached to integral proteins.

It is unique for most individuals.

Because only they __, the junction types of __ and __ can be combined.

Allow interstitial fluid flow - desmosomes and gap junctions

Prevent intracellular fluid flow - desmosomes and tight junctions

Compound A has a higher concentration outside of a typical cell than within it. Which is a correct statement about the diffusion of Compound A?

If the cell’s plasma membrane is increased, it might enter the cell more slowly.

Its diffusion will be from its area of higher concentration to lower concentration.

If it was the only solute present, the cell’s osmolarity is lower than the interstitial fluid.

Glycolysis and Krebs cycle make ATP via __ method(s) and do so in __ location(s) within the cell.

The same - different

Which is a correct statement about diffusion?

Neither statement is correct.

Its rate will increase if the surface area between the two areas increases.

Which is a correct statement about a view of the outer surface of a plasma membrane?

It will allow some integral proteins to be seen.

Both statements are correct.

Phys Phab Madelyn dreamed that she was in a room filled only with air that was 100% nitrogen (usually 79%). She correctly realized that her body

Both statements are correct.

Be making only two ATPs per every glucose.

Which is a correct statement about gap junctions?

Both statements are correct.

They allow movement of the largest fluid compartment between the two cells.

Phys Phab Rae used a Magic Shrink Ray (on the size setting of “Ion”) to become a solute in a large beaker of water. As she moves around in the beaker, she correctly realizes that

Her movements will quickly change if suddenly ten clones of herself appear in the beaker.

Both statements are correct.

While preparing for this assessment, Phellow Physer Oxley correctly told you that a red blood cell that is round like a baseball or basketball

Could be surrounded by hypotonic interstitial fluid.

Neither statement is correct.

Both statements are correct.

Phys Phabs Abby and Max went to a jewelry sale at the Union. Since he forgot his BuckID, Max was not allowed to enter the event room and could only watch from the door as Abby bought a great necklace. While not shopping, Max correctly realized that if both he and Abby were ligands and the event room was their receiving cell, he would be __ and she would bind to __ receptors.

Hydrophilic - intracellular

Phellow Physer Sloopy created which correct statement about the sodium-potassium-ATPase pump?

It transports three sodiums to the interstitial fluid.

It utilizes a single ATP to complete one full cycle.

It is an example of primary active transport and is a countertransporter.

Which is a correct statement about when an extracellular signal binds to an integral protein?

The likelihood of this binding could be decreased by endocytosis activity.

This integral protein must be transmembrane.

This extracellular signal is hydrophilic.

During a practice ahead of this week’s big game at the Shoe, Illinois’ Coach Bielema saw a fight break out amongst his linemen. He dropped his pumpkin spice latte and ran over to break it up. During this situation,

Both parts of the peripheral nervous system were involved.

Central terminals released neurotransmitters destined for interneurons.

The coffee drop was done by neurons whose parts are mostly within the central nervous system.

Phellow Physer Berry Cafee correctly tells you in the Party Room that __ associated with the __.

Axon is - axon terminal

Dendrites are - cell body

Which is the correct statement about receptors that located entirely within the largest fluid compartment?

Their ligands are all lipophilic.

Transcription will definitely be altered.

None of their ligands require plasma binding proteins to enter these receptor’s cell.

Last weekend, GTA Troy burnt his hand grabbing a hot pan on the stovetop. He correctly realized that the neurons detecting the temperature issue

Are less numerous than the ones he used to let go of the pan.

Had its axon both sending and receiving information.

When vesicles are being created, the overall size of the cell will be __ and the cell’s communication options are being __.

Decreasing - decreased

Which is a correct statement about transport across the plasma membrane?

A ligand-gated channel can be opened by a neurotransmitter.

The Sodium-Glucose Transporters are an example of active transport.

The sodium-potassium-ATPase pump moves more sodiums than potassiums.

Dr. May Zen Blue has created a toxin that severely lowers the impacts of the nonpolar ligands in its BuckeyeNation victims. Consequently, Brutus Buckeye correctly realizes that he and the other Buckeye victims

Will not have the majority of the neurotransmitter communication impacted.

Could be having their plasma binding proteins being prevented from helping their endocrines.

Phellow Physers Carmen Oh and Libby Thompson decided to create play based on carrier-mediated transporters as the characters. Which is a correct statement about one of their characters?

Both statements are correct.

Carmen could directly utilize ATP and move only one compound.

Phys Phab Mia poured a packet of Stevia (artificial sweetener) into her morning coffee. She correctly realized that Stevia

Both statements are correct.

Is an agonist for glucose receptors.

Which is a correct response that a cell might do as the result of one its receptors being activated?

All three could be caused by one activation

Dr. Scarlet is viewing all the parts of some neurons within Patient X’s spine. Finding no problems, the view shows

Dendrites only coming off the neuronal cell bodies.

Oligodendrocytes creating the myelin.

Which is a correct statement about a typical neuron?

Both statements are correct.

There typically are more dendrites than axons.