Electricity and Magnetism Revision

Electricity

A form of energy caused by the movement of charge.

Charge

Property of particles that can be positive or negative; electrons are negative.

Static Electricity

Occurs when charges accumulate on surfaces and do not immediately move away.

Conductor

A material that allows electricity to flow through it.

Insulator

A material that resists the flow of electricity.

Circuit

A complete path for electricity to flow, requiring a pathway, source, and components.

Series Circuit

A circuit with a single path where all components are connected end-to-end.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit with multiple pathways for current to flow through.

Current

The flow of electric charge, measured in Amps using an ammeter.

Voltage

The force that moves electric charge, measured in Volts using a voltmeter.

Resistance

A measure of how much an object opposes current flow, measured in ohms.

Resistance Formula

Resistance equals Voltage divided by Amps (R = V/I).

Ferromagnetic Materials

Elements strongly attracted to magnetic fields: iron, cobalt, nickel, and steel.

Magnetic Field Direction

The invisible force field around a magnet that goes from north to south.

Domain Theory

Regions inside magnets; aligning domains magnetizes the material.

Power

How much energy is transferred in one second, measured in Watts (P = V x I).