FPP - Lower Limb Muscles

Psoas Major

Origin:

Vertebral body of T1 - L4

Transverse process of L1 - L5

Lateral surfaces of intervertebral discs

Insertion:

Lesser trochanter

Movement:

Hip flexion

External rotation of thigh

Trunk flexion

Lateral flexion of trunk

Postural stability

Iliacus

Origin:

Iliac fossa

Insertion:

Lesser trochanter

Movement:

Hip flexion

External rotation of thigh

Trunk flexion /anterior pelvic tilt

Gluteus Medius

Origin:

Posterior surface of Ilium

Insertion:

Greater trochanter

Movement:

Anterior fibers -

Hip flexion

Internal rotation

Middle fibers:

Hip abduction

Assisting pelvic tilt

Posterior fibers:

Assists with extension

Assists with external rotation

Gluteus Maximus

Origin:

Gluteal surface of ilium

Posterior superior iliac crest

Sacrum

Coccyx

Insertion:

Iliotibial tract (IT Band)

Gluteal tuberosity

Movement:

Hip extension

Adductor Longus

Origin:

Anterior surface of pubis

Insertion:

Middle third of the linea aspera of the femur

Movement:

Hip adduction

Sartorius

Origin:

Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion:

Medial aspect of proximal tibia

Movement:

Hip flexion

Hip abduction

External rotation

Vastus Medialis (Quads)

Origin:

Lower, medial, half of the intertrochanteric line

Medial lip of linea aspera of femur

Insertion:

Patella tendon into the tibial tuberosity

Movement:

Knee extension

Vastus Intermedius (Quads)

Origin:

Anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

Insertion:

Patella tendon into the tibial tuberosity

Movement:

Knee extension

Vastus Lateralis (Quads)

Origin:

Intertrochanteric line

Greater trochanter

Gluteal tuberosity

Lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur

Insertion:

Patella tendon into the tibial tuberosity

Movement:

Knee extension

Rectus Femoris (Quads)

Origin:

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion:

Patella tendon into the tibial tuberosity

Movement:

Knee extension

Biceps Femoris (Hamstrings)

Origin:

Lower medial ischial tuberosity (Long head)

Lateral linea aspera (Short head)

Insertion:

Head of fibula

Lateral tibial condyle

Movement:

Knee flexion

Semitendinosus (Hamstrings)

Origin:

Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:

Medial aspect of proximal tibia

Movement:

Knee flexion

Semimembranosus (Hamstrings)

Origin:

Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:

Medial tibial condyle

Movement:

Knee flexion

Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus

Origin:

Head and lateral surface of fibula

Insertion:

Plantar surface of medial cuneiform bone

Base of first metatarsal bone

Movement:

Eversion of the foot

Plantar flexion

Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis

Origin:

Lateral surface of fibula

Insertion:

Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal bone

Movement:

Eversion of the foot

Gastrocnemius

Origin:

Lateral and medial condyles of femur

Insertion:

Posterior surface of calcaneus, via Achilles tendon

Movement:

Plantar flexion

Soleus

Origin:

Head and upper third of the posterior surface of the fibula

Medial border of the tibia

Soleal line

Tendinous arch spanning between the tibia and fibula

Insertion:

Posterior surface of the calcaneus, via Achilles tendon

Movement:

Plantar flexion

Tibialis Posterior

Origin:

Upper 2/3 of the posterior surface of tibia

Superior 2/3 of the medial posterior surface of the fibula

Insertion:

Tuberosity of the navicular bone and the medial cuneiform

Intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid, and bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals

Movement:

Foot inversion

Plantar flexion

Tibialis Anterior

Origin:

Upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of the tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane

Insertion:

Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal bone of foot

Movement:

Dorsiflexion

Foot inversion