Rules 12–27

Where must hand, flag and lamp signals be given from?

A point where they can be plainly seen and in a manner that can be clearly understood and given sufficiently in advance to permit compliance

What must be done if there is any doubt concerning the meaning of a signal or for whom it is intended or if the signal disappears from view?

The movement must be stopped

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Swing the lamp horizontally across the track

Stop

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Hold the lamp horizontally at arm's length

Reduce Speed

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Raise and lower the lamp vertically

Proceed

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Swing the lamp vertically in a circle at half arm's length and at right angles to the track

Back

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Swing the lamp horizontally above the head at right angles to the track, when standing

Apply Brakes

Hand, flag, and lamp signal indication: Hold the lamp at arm's length above the head, when standing

Release Brakes

What is any object waved violently by anyone on or near the track a signal for?

Stop

What is a continuous blast of the engine whistle or horn?

An emergency signal for all crew members to apply air and hand brakes on the train

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: oo

Answer to any signal not provided for, and to acknowledge a hand sign

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: ooo

1. When standing; back. Answer to 12d and 16c;

2. When running; answer to 16c

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: oooo

Call for signals

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: Succession of short sounds

1. Will be sounded as a warning when approaching people or animals on or about the track; 2. When approaching passenger stations on tracks next to platforms where trains are not scheduled to stop (except Jamaica), when persons are not clear of the yellow safety line on station platforms. To be sounded until passenger station is reached.

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - o

When running against the current of traffic: 1. Approaching stations, curves or other points where view may be obstructed; 2. Approaching passenger or freight trains and when passing freight trains

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: ooooo

Call Inspector

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - - o -

When approaching a public highway grade crossing, a train or locomotive operating greater than 60 MPH must sound the engine whistle at the whistle post. If operating 60 MPH or less, a train or locomotive must sound the engine whistle at least 15 but not more than 20 seconds before occupying the crossing. This may require sounding the engine whistle beyond the whistle post.

When approaching crossings at grade, how long must the engine whistle or horn be prolonged or repeated?

Must be prolonged or repeated until the train or locomotive occupies the crossing

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: o - o

Fire or smoke condition exists. To be sounded continuously at open block or interlocking stations if the radio is inoperative.

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - ooo

Flagman protect the rear of the train

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - ooo - REPEAT

Flagman protect the adjacent track

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - - - - (4 long)

Flagman on single track or No. 2 track may return from the west

Engine whistle or horn signal indication: - - - - - (5 long)

Flagman on single track or No. 1 track may return from the east

What must be given before a train may start?

The proper signal

When must a train's headlight be extinguished?

When a train turns out to meet another train and is stopped clear of the main track

When must the headlight be dimmed?

A - While standing or passing through yards where other engines are working; B - When approaching stations at which stops are to be made or at which other trains are receiving or discharging passengers; C - When approaching a station where Form L's are to be received or when on a main track at a meeting point; D - When approaching fixed signals, if the view of the fixed signal is thereby improved; E - On two or more tracks, when approaching a train in the opposite direction

When must the headlight not be dimmed?

When approaching or passing over public crossings at grade

What must be done if the headlight(s) fails enroute?

A - Movement bureau is notified as soon as practical; B - A white light is substituted in place of the headlight; C - The engine whistle or horn is sounded frequently; D - If equipped, the engine bell is rung continuously; E - Where necessary the speed of the train is reduced. (Does not apply if the auxiliary lights are operable)

The lead locomotive of trains that operate over public crossings at grade at speeds greater than _____ must have at least one operable auxiliary light.

20 MPH

When may auxiliary lights be extinguished?

When a train turns out to meet another train and is stopped clear of the main track

How may a train with one auxiliary light that has failed after departure from an initial terminal proceed?

At maximum authorized speed

How may a train with both auxiliary lights inoperative after departing an initial terminal proceed?

Must not exceed 20mph when operating over public crossings at grade.

How long may equipment with inoperative auxiliary lights remain in service?

Until the earlier of the next calendar day inspection, or the nearest forward point where the repairs can be made

Where will yard engines display the headlight?

To the front and rear at all times. The end coupled to cars may be extinguished

What signal will be displayed on the rear of every train at all times as a marker?

• A fixed electric marker illuminated to show red on each side of the rear of the train; - An electric flasher illuminated to show amber to the rear of the train; - A red light at all times when passing through tunnels

What must be displayed on the rear of all trains if the marker becomes inoperative?

A red flag by day and a red light by night. A red light at all times when passing through tunnels

Who is responsible for knowing that the proper markers are displayed?

The conductor

What must all lamps used by train crew members be equipped with?

A red bulb

What must be done if a train is observed with improper display of headlights, markers or auxiliary lights?

Must be reported to the train and the movement bureau

What is a blue signal?

A blue flag, blue light or a blue tag by day or a blue light or an illuminated blue tag by night

What does a blue signal signify?

That workmen are on, under or between rolling equipment and when displayed: 1. Equipment must not be coupled to or moved; 2. Other equipment must not be placed on the same track so as to reduce or block the view of the blue signal; 3. Rolling equipment must not pass a blue signal

Who may remove a blue signal?

Only the same craft or group that displayed them

What is the maximum authorized speed in a maintenance of equipment service area?

Restricted speed not exceeding 5 mph

What must be done if a fixed signal is absent from a place where it is usually shown?

Must be regarded as the most restrictive aspect that can be given by that signal. Must notify the block operator / train dispatcher as soon as practical without causing delay to the train.

Except as provided by the rules, how must a signal imperfectly displayed be regarded?

As displaying its most restrictive aspect

What are the three exceptions to an imperfectly displayed signal?

1. If there are insufficient lights to conform with an aspect, but the aspect can be positively determined, the indication of that aspect will govern; 2. If there are insufficient lights to conform with an aspect, but it can be positively determined that the aspect is more favorable than stop-and-proceed, trains may proceed as though a restricting signal were displayed; 3. If there are insufficient lights to conform with an aspect on a Reduced Aspect Signal (Signal Rules 298A-298F), but it can be positively determined that the aspect is more favorable than Stop, trains may proceed as though a Restricting Proceed signal were displayed.

What must be done if too many lights are illuminated on a fixed signal?

Must be regarded as displaying the most restrictive aspect that can be displayed by that signal. Must notify the block operator / train dispatcher as soon as practical without causing delay to the train.

What must be done if a train is stopped by a home or interlocking signal?

The conductor or engineer must immediately ascertain the cause

Except as provided by special instruction, how may a train pass a signal displaying stop?

Unless authorized by Rule 241, or Form