CH6: Pediatric Draws and Capillary Blood Collection

Aggregation

Clumping of platelets to form a temporary plug at the site of blood vessel injury

Analytes

Substances in the blood that are measured for diagnostic purposes

Bilirubin

A yellow pigment produced when rbcs break down

Capillary Action

The movement of liquid through a narrow space without the help of forces like gravity

Dermal Puncture (AKA Capillary Collection)

Puncture of the skin to obtain a capillary sample

Endocrine

Relating to glands that release hormones into the bloodstream to regulate body functions

Fibrinolysis

Process by which the body breaks down and removes a blood clot

Galactosemia (GALT)

A metabollic disorder in which the body cannot process galactose

Genetic

Inherited from a person’s parents through DNA

Hemolyze

To breakdown rbcs, causing them to relase their content

Homeostasis

Process by which the body stops bleeding after an injury

Interstitial Fluid

Fluid surrouding cells and tissues

Jaundice

A condition caused by excess bilirubin in the blood, leading to yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes

Lancet

Small sharp medical device to puncture the skin for low-volume blood collection

Metabolic

Involving the chemical processes the body uses to convert food into energy and maintain life

Microcollection Tube/ Container

Small plastic tube used to collect blood as it beads on the skin

Microhematocrit Tube

A thin glass or plastic tibe that draws blood through capillary action

Neonate

A newborn less than 4 wks old

Newborn Screening (NBS)

A series of tests performed on newborns to detect metabolic, genetic, and endocrine disorders

Osteomyelitis

Inflammation of the bone, usually caused by infection

Plantar Surface

The part of the bottom of the foot that contacts the ground when standing or walking

Point-of-Care Testing (POCT)

Medical diagnostic testing performed at or near the patient to provide rapid results

Vasoconstriction

Narrowing of blood vessels

Pediatric Draw Amounts

National Standards

No more than 1%-5% of an infant’s total blood volume w/in a 24 hr time pd.

PEDIATRIC ORDER OF DRAW

EHAS

EDTA, Heparin, Any other additive, Serum

L, GREEN, GREY, R, Y

Puncture Depth for Infants: Preterm

Max heal puncture depth 0.85 mm

Puncture Depth for Infants: Full Term

Max heal puncture depth is 2.0mm

Puncture Depth for Children

1.5 mm - 2.4 mm (depending on skin thickness)

Puncture Depth for Adults

Longer lancet 2.0 mm - 2.4 mm