CMT 105: Exam 3

Respiratory System

alveoli

air sacs within the lung

\
oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the alveolar walls

bronchus

branches from the trachea that conduct air into the lungs, where it divides and subdivides

larynx

location of vocal cords; bellow the pharynx

lungs

sponge-like organs divide into lobes

nose

lined with mucous membranes and fine hairs; acts as a filter to moisten and warm air

pharynx

serves as food and air passageway; air enter from the nasal cavities, whereas food enters from the mouth

sinuses

air cavities within cranial bones; membrane lining air cavities cities produces mucus, which drains into nasal passages

thorax

chest; part of the body between neck and diaphragm encased by ribs

trachea

passageway for air to the bronchi

functions of the respiratory system

moves air in and out of lungs, provides for oxygen intake and release of carbon dioxide, provides air flow for speech, enables sense of smell

bronch/o

bronchus (s), bronchi (pl)

capn/o

carbon dioxide

laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

muc/o

mucus

nas/o, rhin/o

nose

ox/i

oxygen

pharyng/o

* pharynx (throat)

pneum/o, pneumon/o

lung, air

pulmon/o

lung

sinus/o

sinus (s), sinuses (pl)

somn/o

sleep

spir/o

breathe, breathing

thorac/o

chest, chest cavity

trache/o

trachea (windpipe)

\-ary, -eal

pertaining to

\-centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid

\-ectomy

surgical removal, excision

\-gram

record, radiographic image

\-graphy

process of recording, radiographic imaging

\-ia

disease state, condition of

\-meter

instrument used to measure

\-pnea

breathing

\-rrhagia

rapid flow of blood

\-rrhea

flow, discharge

\-scope

instrument used for visual examination

\-scopic

pertaining to visual examination

\-scopy

visual examination

\-stomy

creation of an artificial opening

\-thorax

chest, chest cavity

\-tomy

cut into, incision

a-, an-

absence of, without

dys-

difficult, painful, abnormal

endo-

within

hyper-

above, excessive

poly-

many, much

apnea

absence of breathing

capnometer

instrument used to measure carbon dioxide

dyspnea

difficult breathing

hypercapnia

condition of excessive carbon dioxide

hyperoxia

condition of excessive oxygen

hypocapnia

condition of deficient carbon dioxide

hypopnea

deficient breathing

hypoxia

condition of deficient oxygen

laryngeal

pertaining to the larynx

laryngectomy

excision of the larynx

laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx

laryngoscope

instrument used for visual examination of the larynx

laryngoscopy

visual examination of the larynx

mucous

pertaining to mucus

nasal

pertaining to the nose

nasopharyngitis

inflammation of the nose and pharynx

oximeter

instrument used to measure oxygen

pharyngeal

pertaining to the pharynx

pharyngitis

inflammation of the pharynx

rhinits

inflammation of the nose (nasal membrane)

rhinorrhagia

rapid flow of blood from the nose

rhinorrhea

discharge from the nose

sinusitis

inflammation of the sinus (membranes)

sinusotomy

incision of a sinus

spirometer

instrument used to measure breathing (lung volume)

bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi

bronchopneumonia

diseased state of the bronchi and lungs

bronchoscope

instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi

bronchoscopy

visual examination of the bronchi

endoscope

instrument used for visual examination within (a hallow organ or cavity)

endoscopic

pertaining to visual examination with (a hallow organ or cavity)

endoscopy

visual examination within (a hallow organ or cavity)

endotracheal

pertaining to within the trachea

pneumonectomy

excision of a lung

pneumonia

diseased state of the lungs

pneumothorax

air in the chest cavity

polysomnography

process of recording many (tests) during sleep

polysomnogram

record of many sleep tests

pulmonary

pertaining to the lung

pulmonologist

physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung

pulmonology

study of the lung

thoracentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest cavity

thoracic

pertaining to the chest

thoracoscope

instrument used for visual examination of the chest cavity

thoracoscopic

pertaining to visual examination of the chest cavity

thoracoscopy

visual examination of the chest cavity

thoracotomy

incision into the chest cavity

tracheostomy

creation of an artificial opening into the trachea

tracheotomy

incision into the trachea

ABGs

arterial blood gases abbreviation

COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease abbreviation

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure abbreviation

C&S

culture and sensitivity abbreviation

CT

computed tomography abbreviation

CXR

chest radiograph abbreviation