Proteins

proteins are composed of

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

protein functions as

defense, transport, cellular communication, movement, and structural support,

process

amino acids-peptide-protein

each amino acids has

amino group(-NH2), a carboxyl group(-COOH), and R group connected to a central carbon attom

amino acids differe based on

R-groups or variable side chains

3 types

1. polar

2. nonpolar

3. ionic

polypeptides

end

amino terminus (N) and carboxyl terminus(C)

directionality

two ends are chmically different are said to have

conformation

3 dementional shape

primary

linear sequence of amino acids, changing the sequence of amino acids can produce different proteins

secondary

patterns of H-bonding between amino acids causes region polypeptide to form alpha helices

tertiary

final bonding, determined by interactions between side-chains, , disulfide bridge

quaternary

two or more folded