Medical Terminology - Muscular System Group Project

ANCYL-, ANKYL- (Base Meaning)

Fused, stiffened; hooked, crooked.

Ankylosis

The abnormal stiffening, fixation, or complete fusion of a joint.

AX-, AXON- (Base Meaning)

Axis, axon.

Axonotmesis

An injury to the peripheral nerve of an extremity.

BRACHY- (Base Meaning)

Short.

Brachydactyly

Congenital condition causing shorter than average fingers and toes.

CAPIT-, CEPS, -CIPUT, CAPUT, CIPIT (Base Meaning)

Head.

Microcephaly

Condition where an infant's head is significantly smaller and underdeveloped.

CARP- (Base Meaning)

Wrist.

Metacarpal

Pertaining to the bones between the wrist and fingers.

CERVIC-, CERVIX (Base Meaning)

Neck (of the uterus), cervix uteri.

Cervicitis

Inflammation of the cervix.

COCCYX (Base Meaning)

Tail bone.

Coccygodynia

Pain in or around the tailbone area.

COST- (Base Meaning)

Rib.

Costochondritis

Inflammation of the cartilage connecting a rib to the breastbone.

-DESIS (Base Meaning)

Binding.

Arthrodesis

Surgical fusion of a joint.

DESM- (Base Meaning)

Binding, ligament, connective tissue.

Desmoid

A tumor-like growth arising from connective tissue.

DUC-, DUCT- (Base Meaning)

Lead, bring, conduct.

Abduction

Movement of a body part away from the midline of the body.

FASCI- (Base Meaning)

Bundle, band (group).

Fasciitis

Inflammation of the fascia surrounding muscles and other structures.

FIBR- (Base Meaning)

Fiber, filament.

Fibromyalgia

Long-term condition characterized by muscle, ligament, and tendon pain.

GNATH- (Base Meaning)

(Lower) jaw.

Gnathoplasty

Reconstructive surgery of the jaw.

HALLUX, HALLUCIS (Base Meaning)

Big toe.

Hallux Valgus

Foot deformity where the big toe leans inward, forming a bony bump.

IATR- (Base Meaning)

Healer, physician, treatment.

Iatrogenic

Any condition induced in a patient by a physician or treatment.

IN-, INOS- (Base Meaning)

Fiber, muscle.

Inositis

Inflammation of fibrous tissue.

KINE-, KINES-, KINESI- (Base Meaning)

Move, be in motion.

Kinesiology

The scientific study of human movement.

LUMB- (Base Meaning)

Loin; side of body between lower ribs & pelvis.

Lumbar

Refers to the lower part of the back.

MAN- (Base Meaning)

Hand.

Manipulation

The act of controlling or handling with physical control.

MAXILL- (Base Meaning)

Jaw, upper jaw.

Maxillectomy

Surgical removal of all or part of the maxilla bone.

MEAT- (Base Meaning)

Passage, opening, meatus.

External Auditory Meatus

Air-filled passage connecting outer ear to eardrum.

MEDULL- (Base Meaning)

Marrow, medulla oblongata.

Medulloblastoma

Malignant brain tumor forming in the cerebellum.

MYEL- (Base Meaning)

Bone marrow, spinal cord, myelin.

Myelitis

Inflammation of the spinal cord.

NECR- (Base Meaning)

Corpse; dead.

Necrosis

Accidental death of living cells and tissues.

NO- (Base Meaning)

Mind, mental activity, comprehension.

Diagnosis

Medical process of identifying a disease by signs and symptoms.

OLIG- (Base Meaning)

Few, deficient.

Oligodendroglioma

Central nervous system tumor starting in oligodendrocytes.

OSS- (Base Meaning)

Bone.

Osteoporosis

Disease causing weak bones with high risk of fractures.

PAN-, PANT- (Base Meaning)

All, entire, every.

Pandemic

Outbreak of disease spreading across countries affecting many people.

PECTOR- (Base Meaning)

Chest, breast (region).

Pectoralis

Relating to the chest or muscles of the chest.

PHALANG-, PHALANX (Base Meaning)

Array; bone between joints of fingers & toes.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers and toes.

PHREN- (Base Meaning)

Mind; diaphragm.

Phrenospasm

Spasm or involuntary contraction of the diaphragm.

PHYLAC-, PHYLAX- (Base Meaning)

Protection (against disease).

Anaphylaxis

Severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

POD-, P(O)US (Base Meaning)

Foot.

Podiatrist

Medical professional specializing in foot and ankle ailments.

POLLEX, POLLICIS (Base Meaning)

Thumb.

Pollicization

Surgical procedure moving index finger to replace missing thumb.

POLY- (Base Meaning)

Many, excessive.

Polydactyly

Condition in which a person is born with extra fingers or toes.

RACHI-, RHACHI- (Base Meaning)

Spine.

Rachialgia

Pain in the spine.

RADI- (Base Meaning)

Rod, spoke; bone on outer side of forearm.

Radiocarpal

Pertaining to the radius and the wrist.

-RRHAPH- (Base Meaning)

Suture.

Nephrorrhaphy

Surgical suturing of the kidney.

SARC- (Base Meaning)

Flesh, soft tissue.

Sarcoma

Cancer that develops in connective or supporting tissues.

SCAPUL- (Base Meaning)

Shoulder, shoulder blade.

Suprascapular

Located above the scapula (shoulder blade).

SPASM- (Base Meaning)

Spasm, involuntary muscular contraction.

Gastrospasm

Involuntary contraction of the stomach muscles.

SPONDYL- (Base Meaning)

Vertebra.

Spondylolisthesis

Spinal condition where one vertebra slips forward over another.

STEAR-, STEAT- (Base Meaning)

Fat, sebum, sebaceous gland.

Steatosis

Condition involving abnormal accumulation of fat within a cell/organ.

STERN- (Base Meaning)

Chest, breast, breastbone.

Sternalgia

Pain localized in the region of the sternum.

TAL- (Base Meaning)

Ankle, ankle bone.

Talar

Pertaining to the ankle bone.

TARS- (Base Meaning)

Flat of the foot, framework.

Tarsalgia

Pain in the tarsus (ankle or foot).

TEL- (Base Meaning)

End, completion.

Telomere

Repetitive DNA sequence region at the end of a chromosome.

TEN-, TENON-, TENONT- (Base Meaning)

Tendon.

Tendonitis

Inflammation or irritation of a tendon.

TENS-, TENSI- (Base Meaning)

Stretch.

Extensor

Muscle that straightens or increases angle between body parts.