PE Content Test

which of the following motor skills is essential for prek children to acquire as a precondition for tasks such as visual tracking, dressing (buttoning, tying shoes), and reading

crossing the midline of the body is dynamic movement

during invasion/territorial games and activities, the teacher promotes students’ tactical skills such as opening and closing up space, and passing and shooting on goal. following partner and small-group practice, which of the following methods would be most effective for further development of these types of skills

having students practice the skills in different positions and under variable conditions in game-like situations

which of the following sequences outlines the stages of motor learning and the characteristics of students in those stages who are learning a new motor skill

1. cognitive, when students need to consciously control learning a skill

2. associative, when students use a combination of conscious and automatic control to accomplish a skill

3. autonomous, when students can accomplish a skill primarily with automatic control

motor learning research supports the idea that students often learn complex motor skills more effectively when teachers reference an external focus of attention, rather than an internal one. which of the following teacher actions best illustrates the use of external focus of attention

instruction students in the basic golf swing by describing the positions and motions of the club during each phase of swing

internal focus

concentrating on specific body parts, muscles, or joint angles during a task

external focus

concentrating on the goal, target, or impact your movement has on the outside world

in motor skill/task analysis, the level of complexity of a motor skills depends most on

the skill’s organization and the degree of information processing required by the performer

which of the following types of motor learning feedback is intrinsic and provides a student who is performing a skill with sensory information about how the skill feels and what needs to be corrected

knowledge of performance feedback

intrinsic

motivation comes from internal rewards

extrinsic motivation

relies on external rewards or avoiding punishment

kinesthetic feedback

the physical sensation of movement, muscle force, and joint position detected by receptors in our muscles, tendons, and joints

knowledge of results feedback

external information given to a person about the outcome or success of a performance relative to a goal

terminal feedback

information or guidance given to a learner or athlete after they finish a task or movement

which of the following criteria would most strongly indicate that a student is exhibiting a mature stage of motor development while running

flexing arms and holding in high guard postion

a student is practicing the underhand throw. which of the following actions in the throwing pattern would most strongly indicate that the student is in the immature stage of motor learning

stepping forward with the foot on the same side as the throwing arm during the throw

which of the following types of fitness exercises would be most helpful for improving balance

core-strengthening exercises that include modified squats

which of the following physical education partner activities would be most effective for promoting elementary students’ eye-hand coordination and timing skills

using paddles to volley balloons back and forth

hamstring stretch

is ineffective and can overstretch lumbar ligaments

in this movement sequence, the student is catching a slow-moving lightweight ball that has been thrown underhand and is arriving at a height slightly above the student’s head. which of the following teacher suggestions would best help the student improve form and technique for catching the ball

reach for the ball and then pull it in toward your body to help absorb force

elementary students are visiting physical activity stations that have directions posted.

1. Dribble a ball along the pathways marked by cones. control the ball and keep it moving

2. find a partner and use a racket ot paddle to bop a beach ball back and forth

3. find a partner and listen to the music. pick one skill: hop, skip, gallop, or slide, perform the skill with your partner to the music in the space marked

use of object control and rhythmic movement skills

Students line up to practice at several tees, and the teacher explains safety rules for taking turns and batting. which of the following additional strategies will most likely allow students to experience success at this activity

offering students a choice of different-sized balls and bats

climbing activities promote what

upper body strength and body management control

a pe teacher is working with a new class of kindergarten students and would like to promote students’ physical development while addressing the diverse levels of physical capabilities in the class. which of the following activities is likely yo be most effective for achieving this goal

reading a book about a variety of animals and then asking students to imitate an animal in their own way as they move around the gym

a variety of dance activities are typically included in k-12 pe programs primarily for which of the following reasons

to develop students’ understanding of dance as a creative and expressive art form and its role in society and culture

elementary students are playing follow-the-leader with partners while hand-dribbling playground balls. several students are slapping the balls and losing control. which of the following suggestions would be most effective in helping students improve their dribbling skils

reminding students to concentrate on contacting the ball with the pads of their fingers rather than their palms

when playing regulation soccer, the term offsides refers to a situation in which

a player is closer to the opponents’ goal line than both the ball and the second-to-last opponent

a pe teacher would like students to develop teamwork skills while participating in competitive team activities. the teacher can most likely accomplish this goal by engaging students in which of the following types of processes

developing mutual support enhancing communications between members, monitoring the environment, and developing leadership skills

in a tennis game, a student typically imparts topspin on the ball to achieve which of the following outcomes

causing a downward force that makes the ball drop quickly

which of the following techniques should be used for picking up a ground ball in a lacrosse game

staying low with the bottom hand behind the ball and pushing through with the stick

which is an essential offensive skill to teach pe students because of its use in multiple territory/invasion sports such as soccer and lacrosse

dodging and changing directions and speed to become free for passing or shooting

students stand behind a line and practice throwing discs into hoops and baskets placed at various distances. many students release the discs so that they fly level, but their throws are short. what modifications would be most efficient for increasing the distance of the throws

increasing the speed of the leg, torso, arm, and wrist actions in the throw

the experiences and challenges associated with outdoor pursuits are likely to contribute most directly to pe students’ development in which of the following areas

planning, decision-making, and other executive management skills

hula hooping primarily promotes what

eye-hand coordination and trunk extensibility

longboarding, skateboarding, and inline skating pose greater risks of injury to elementary students because, compared to older students, younger students tend to have

a higher center of gravity and less well-developed balance skills

1. inhibits oxygen transportation to the brain and other organs

2. makes blood stickier, which can lead to clotting

3. damages artery linings, which can lead to atherosclerosis

4. lowers oxygen content of blood going to heart, which can lead to high blood pressure

using tobacco and nicotine products

which of the following scenarios accurately illustrates use of the progressive overload principle in fitness training

a student training for a walking marathon slighting increases the length and speed of walking workouts each week

overload

Pushing your body harder than normal so muscles and systems adapt and grow stronger.

Specificity

Training exact muscle groups and movement patterns that match your specific goals

Individuality

Tailoring workouts to match your unique genetics, age, and fitness level

Recovery

Resting and sleeping so your body can repair tissue and prevent injury

Reversibility

Acknowledging that fitness gains are lost when you stop exercising

FITT

how often you exercise each week, how hard you push during the session, how long each workout lasts, the specific kind of exercise you perform

which if the following statements best describes how the nervous system and the muscular system work together to create a movement such as kicking a ball

the central nervous system sends electrical impulses to the nerves controlling the needed muscles, which then release chemicals that contract or lengthen the muscles

describes a significant physiological effect of moderate-to-vigorous exercise on the body

the heart pumps harder, increasing blood pressure

occurs in the human body in response to regular participation in moderate-to-vigorous cardiorespiratory exercise

increased volume of blood pumped per minute by the heart

a pe fitness class has included jogging outside for a couple of months, and the teacher would now like to demonstrate how students can increase their cardiorespiratory efficiency and endurance

adding internal training in which students sprint for a short period at a greater speed, then jog at a lower speed for a longer period

moderate-to-vigorous cardiorespiratory exercise is particularly valuable in managing type 2 diabetes primarily because during exercise the body’s

responsiveness to circulating insulin increases

students want to begin a physical activity program to improve body composition, but they are concerned about maintaining their commitment to an ongoing exercise regimen. what recommendations would be appropriate for the teacher to make to these students

forming or joining an exercise group in which members provide each other with motivation and support for participation

which of the following changes in muscles would be expected as a result of an extended aerobic training program

an increase in the number and size of blood vessels

regular participation in weight-bearing activities such as jumping, skipping, and climbing the playground equipment specifically benefits the healthy growth of students in which ways

by stimulating calcium uptake into bone tissue, thereby increasing bone density and growth

in this exercise, the student extends one arm overhead and leans and reaches to the side away from the raised arm. the student holds the stretch and repeats with the opposite arm. which of the following muscle groups does this exercise mainly target

obliques and latissimus dorsi

in a high school fitness class, a few students who are novices will begin using resistance machines in the weight room to develop muscular strength. which of the following strategies reflects an important general principle of progressive resistance training that the students should follow

resisting a load that corresponds to an 8 to 12 rep max

a middle school pe teacher is planning a unit on strength training. which of the following programs would be most appropriate to introduce

total body circuit training, using light weights in a variety of motions

opposite arm-opposite leg extension is designed to increase the strength and endurance of which muscles

hamstrings, gluteus maximus, and erector spinae

a pe teacher asks the students to perform curl-ups with their arms crossed over their chest rather than behind their neck. why

decreasing the risk of cervical injury from pulling their heads up

students who want to use resistance exercises to improve health-related muscular endurance rather than muscular strength should gradually

increase the number of repetitions performed in each exercise session

physically active students benefit from eating a variety of complex carbs, such as starchy vegetables, whole grains, cereals, beans, and nuts, primarily because of their function in the body to

supply and sustain energy

to achieve health benefits, the physical activity guidelines for americans recommends that children and adolescents engage in

60 minutes of daily aerobic exercise that includes muscle strengthening and bone strengthening three days per week

low levels of which of the following nutrients is most likely to cause reduced energy levels and fatigue

iron

which of the following weight-loss programs would provide the healthiest and most effective weight loss

the goal is to lose one pound each week while eating a varied diet, with a significant amount of fruits, veggies, and whole grains, that can be continued after the weight goal is attained. the program focuses on controlling portion size

which of the following lifestyles and physical activities is most likely to improve body comp

eating a high fiber and protein diet and doing interval training three times per week

one overarching goal for managing body comp is to increase the percentage of lean body mass through regular physical activity. a key benefit of achieving a higher percentage of lean body mass is that

increases the body’s basal metabolic rate, which allows more calories to expended at rest

a pe teacher’s goal is to help students develop the resolve to remain physically active throughout their lives. which of the following practices is likely to be most useful in accomplishing the teacher’s goal

involving students in a variety of team, dual, and individual sport, fitness, and recreational activities that are fun, challenging, and easy to learn

according to the principles of physical and motor development, the progression of the children’s motor skill acquistion tends to

proceed in a predictable sequence, while being influenced by health and environmental factors and opportunities to engage in movement activities

in an elementary pe program, students demonstrate a wide array of skills and fitness levels, as well as learning preferences. the teacher decided to incorporate principles of UDL into pe instruction. which if the following teaching practices illustrates an appropriate application of UDL principles

providing students with multiple representations of content and skills (demonstrations, auditory cues, visual images) and multiple means of engaging in skill-based learning and expressing understanding

a pe teacher engages students in quick-writes. one open-ended prompt relates to the current activity unit and gives students a minute to respond. this scenario best demonstrate awareness of which factors related to supporting students’ reading development and learning in pe

the importance of providing opportunities for students to use language arts skills to improve their understanding of target content

participation in physical activity offers benefical effects for students who experience anxiety and mild depression by stimualting chnages in the brain that enhance mood by

alleviating muscular tension, boosting energy levels, and producing a sense of accomplishment

1. loss of coordination

2. irregular heartbeat

3. elevated blood pressure

4. fat buildup in liver

5. depressed brain center, which can slow down thought and speech

6. dulled perceptual abilities, including visual

7. weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy)

consuming alcohol in large amounts

which of the following rule modifications is likely to be most successful in promoting active participation and fair play among PE students playing basketball

requiring each team member to touch the ball during each possession

which of the following strategies would be most effective for promoting etiquette in team sports and activities in pe classes

collaborating with students to create behavioral expectations and rules for using proper language, sharing equipment, and cooperating with others

in pe, team and group activties play an essential role in promoting positive behaviors in students primarly because the activties

offer opportunities for socializing and cooperating, which in turn promote interpersonal skills and feelings of belonging

which classroom management approaches is likely to be most effective in promoting inclusion and students’ use of positive communication and interaction skills during elementary pe activities

using cooperative learning groups for skills development and using random selection procedures to form small teams for games

a middle school pe teacher asks students to complete a brief interest survey at the beginning of the school year. the teacher uses the survey results to help select and incorporate into the curriculum appropriate activities, games, and sports related to students’ interests. this strategy is likely to be most effective in helping the teacher achieve which of the following goals

enhancing students’ sense of responsibility for their own learning

in a middle school pe class, students will view video clips of various dances from around the world and practice several steps and sequences from the dances. to best help students understand the cultural and aesthetic purposes of the dances, it would be most important to guide students in analyzing

intent of a dance and the context in which it is traditionally performed

in an elementary class, the pe teacher organizes students into small teams for a magic carpet flip. the main benefit of team-building activties such as the magic carpet flip is that it provides students with

low-pressure situation in which to practice group problem-solving and communication skills

a middle school pe teacher shows her students apps, social media, websites for fitness, sports gear, and supplements. the teacher asks her students to review the online messages in terms of

1. who runs the app or site? can you trust them?

2. does it contain facts or opinions?

3. what is it promising or offering? does it sound too good to be true?

use critical analysis skills to evaluate health and fitness related information and resources

the curriculum in a k-2 pe program encourages students to become engaged in challenging movement activities that involve both planning and problem-solving. this aspect of the curriculum is most likely to promote students’ ability to

approach new learning experiences with confidence

providing pe students in the upper elementary and middle school grades regular opportunities to participate in rule-based games and sports is likely to be most effective in promoting students’ development in which of the following areas

social problem-solving skills

middle school pe students are taking turns playing doubles tennis. several students observe the games as they wait to play on the courts, while the rest of the class is engaged in skill-building activities. which strategies would be most appropriate for promoting the use of decision-making and conflict-magagement skills in the doubles tennis activity?

having doubles players call their own faults during the game

during emergency administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), hands-only compressions are performed in order to

restore circulation of oxygenated blood to the heart, brain, and other vital organs

a pe class is outside on a playing field doing skill-based exercises to improve eye-hand coordination when the teacher sees two student accidentally collide, hit heads, and fall, which actions would be most appropriate for the teacher to take

send the students to the school nurse accompanied by another student, and do not allow the students to play until they are cleared by the nurse or a doctor

in which of the following exercise programs would a participant be most likely to suffer an injury such as a muscle strain

10 minutes of static stretching, followed by 40 minutes of high-intensity aerobic activity, followed by 15 minutes of static stretching

static stretching

the act of holding a muscle in a lengthened, motionless position for a set period of time to improve flexibility. best after a workout

dynamic stretching

actively moving your joints and muscles through a full range of motion to warm up your body before physical activity

some students with disabilities may be reluctant to engage or persevere in physical activities due to learning challenges or past experiences involving failure or embarrassment during physical activity. what would be most effective in motivating students with disabiltiies

involving students in achievable movement tasks that are personally relevant and meaningful to them

secondary pe students are participating in a fitness unit in which they will use resistance machines in the weight room. once students receive training and have had a chance to use the resistance machines, the teacher demonstrates alternative exercises for working the same muscles with minimal or no equipment, such as leg lifts with resistance bands, modified push-ups, and bicep curls with free weights. a primary advantage of presenting these alternatives is that it is likely to

develop students’ awareness that muscular strengthening exercises can be easily incorporated into daily life

which pe teaching model asserts that there are categories of games that share similar concepts and tactical strategies, and that applying these concepts and strategies, students can transfer skills and tactics across games and sports

teaching games for understanding

sport ed model

immerses students in authentic, season-long sporting experiences rather than traditional, isolated skills drills

Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility

an educational framework developed by Don Hellison in the 1970s that uses physical activity to help youth develop life skills, character traits, and core values

technique or skill-based approach

focuses on developing and demonstrating practical, real-world abilities and competencies rather than just memorizing theoretical knowledge.

which if the following is the most effective use of the physical education curriculum analysis tool, developed by the CDC

assessing how well pe curricula align with national pe standard and identifying changes needed in the curricula

a pe teacher is developing curricular materials that support standards-based and skills-based instruction and assessment. before identifying what students must know or be able to do, the teacher should begin by

selecting a learning standard and designing an activity and assessment through which students can demonstrate mastery of it

a health and pe department recently implemented a new wellness program in the school district, and the middle school pe teacher is part of the team that will be evaluating the program after its first year. the most appropriate initial step in this evaluation should be

compare pre and post-implementation data for the program

the pe teachers in a school district are planning to conduct a district wide needs assessment of the pe program. the teachers’ best use of the information that results from this needs assessment would be to

determine what the PE guidance program should prioritize, add, or modify in the upcoming school year

a pe department budget request reflects the need to replace outdated fitness equipment and secure additional funding for new technology-based fitness and wellness materials. pe teachers plan to demonstrate with evidence how the level of fitness and wellness of students correlates to academic achievement. which of the following entities is responsible for reviewing the budget requests and making decisions on expenditures

the local school board

target games and activities such as bowling and disc golf may be developmentally inappropriate to use with pe students with cognitive impairments, mainly because the activities

consist of many movement skills that develop over years, and students may not have had opportunities to practice the skills

a pe teacher is planning a unit on outdoor ball sports but realizes that students will have very different skill levels depending on their experiences. which of the following instructional approaches would be most effective to use in this situation

offering a variety of games and activities from which students may choose so that students can feel motivated, challenged, and accomplished

kindergarten students are beginning a unit on the overhand throw using beanbags. the pe teacher demonstrates the skill, and the students practice the motions in self-space. which of the following activities would be most developmentally appropriate to use next in this introductory lesson

having students individually practice throwing beanbags overhand at wall targets as the teacher provides cues

a pe teacher notices that shortly after finishing a new fitness unit, many students begin to forget or confuse some or most of the new discipline-specific vocabulary that was explicitly taught during the unit. the teacher would like to improve students’ retention of new vocab. which of the following instructional strategies would be most effective for this purpose

providing the students with repeated exposure to and opportunities to use new vocab in context

in an elementary pe class that includes several students who are english language learners, the teacher has organized a peer buddy system to provide support to the students in instructional activities. which of the following additional strategies should the teacher use to address the learning needs of the english language learners

including demonstrations and other visual representations of skills in instruction whenever possible