Kinesiology Test 2 Study Guide (Spine/Spinal Muscles)

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19 Terms

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Spinal Curves

- Lumbar

- Thoracic

- Cervical

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Abnormal Spinal Curves

- Kyphosis: Excessive anterior curve

- Lordosis: Excessive posterior curve

- Scoliosis: Lateral curve

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Annulus Fibrosus

Outer rim of the dense fibrocartilage

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Annulus Pulposus

Central gelatinous cartilage

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Herniation

Substantial weakening combines with compression. Protrusion puts pressure on spinal nerve root, causing radiating pain, tingling, numbness, and/or weakness in lower extremity. Rapture and Motor with only surgery can fix with Annulus Fibrosis weakening. (Slipped disk)

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Atlas C1

The Frist Cervical Vertebra, Support the head and enable the Yes Motion ,

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Axis C2

The Second Cervical Vertebra, responsible for rotation and pivot the head, it enables the No Motion .

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Erector Spinae

Extension and lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation of spine and head

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<p>Splenus cervicus</p>

Splenus cervicus

extension and rotation of the head

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<p>Capitis</p>

Capitis

Rotation of the head

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Rotatores

Rotators run from a transverse process to the lamina of a vertebra above. They stabilize the spine and assist rotation to the opposite side. Breves span one level, and longi span two.

<p>Rotators run from a transverse process to the lamina of a vertebra above. They stabilize the spine and assist rotation to the opposite side. Breves span one level, and longi span two.</p>
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Intertransversarii

Intertransversarii generally connect neighboring transverse processes and help bend the spine to the same side.

<p>Intertransversarii generally connect neighboring transverse processes and help bend the spine to the same side.</p>
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Interspinales

Interspinales connect neighboring spinous processes and help extend the spine.

<p>Interspinales connect neighboring spinous processes and help extend the spine.</p>
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Spinal ligaments

- Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

- Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

- Ligamentum flavum

- Interspinous and supraspinous

Intertransverse

<p>- Anterior Longitudinal Ligament</p><p>- Posterior Longitudinal Ligament</p><p>- Ligamentum flavum </p><p>- Interspinous and supraspinous </p><p>Intertransverse</p>
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Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Runs along the front of the vertebral bodies and limits extension.

<p>Runs along the front of the vertebral bodies and limits extension.</p>
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Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Runs along the back of the vertebral bodies and limits flexion.

<p>Runs along the back of the vertebral bodies and limits flexion.</p>
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Ligamentum flavum

Connects adjacent laminae and limits flexion.

<p>Connects adjacent laminae and limits flexion.</p>
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Interspinous and supraspinous

Ligaments run between the spinous processes and along their tips, respectively. Both limit flexion.

<p>Ligaments run between the spinous processes and along their tips, respectively. Both limit flexion.</p>
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Intertransverse

Ligaments connect adjacent transverse processes and limit side-bending away from that side.

<p>Ligaments connect adjacent transverse processes and limit side-bending away from that side.</p>