APES Atmosphere and Climate Quiz
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/44
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
45 Terms
Coriolis Effect
Deflects air right in the Northern Hemisphere and left in the Southern Hemisphere
Coriolis Effect
Causes low-pressure air systems and storms to spin counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
Coriolis Effect
Exists because the Earth spins much faster at its equator than at its poles due to width differences
Atmosphere
Absorbs radiation, moderates climate from Sun, transports and recycles water and nutrients, made up of 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% other gases
Atmosphere
A thin layer of gases surrounding the Earth
Permanent gases
Exist in the atmosphere in small, stable conditions, i.e. He, H2, Xe, Ne
Variable gases
Exist in the atmosphere in varying concentrations, i.e. water vapor, CO2, CH4, nitrous oxide/N2O, ozone/O3, chlorofluorocarbons/CFCs
Variable gases
Vary with location, human activity, and time of year
Equator
Hottest part of the Earth due to solar radiation hitting it most directly
The Sun
Energy from this heats air, moves air, creates seasons, and influences weather and climate
Pressure
Decreases with altitude, also known as force/unit area of air, more dense when there’s less altitude
Relative humidity
The ratio of water vapor in the air, surface is more humid than farther away due to warmer temperatures
Troposphere
Altitude is 0-12 km above
Troposphere
Ranges from 65 to -75 degrees Fahrenheit
Troposphere
Densest layer, 75-80% of air mass is found here, nutrient cycles with weather and climate here
Stratosphere
Altitude is 12-50 km above
Stratosphere
Ranges from 32 to -75 degrees Fahrenheit
Stratosphere
Serves as the “global sunscreen” protecting against UV radiation, with ozone keeping 95% of radiation off of Earth
99%
What percentage of air mass is found in the troposphere and stratosphere combined?
Mesosphere
Altitude is 50-85 km above
Mesosphere
Ranges from 32 to -120 degrees Fahrenheit
Mesosphere
Coldest layer, ice clouds, meteors burn and leave trace metals, low air pressure
Thermosphere
Altitude is 85-700 km above
Thermosphere
Ranges from 150 to -120 degrees Fahrenheit
Thermosphere
X rays from Sun, hottest layer, aurora borealis occurs when the Sun hits charged gas molecules in this layer
Exosphere
Altitude is 700 km and above
Exosphere
Temperatures here cannot be measured
Exosphere
Very low density, mostly H and He, basically outer space
El Nino
The reversal of normal conditions
El Nino
Originates in tropical, equatorial Pacific Ocean
El Nino
Trade winds weaken, there is good fishing in the West Pacific but poor fishing in the East Pacific due to lack of upwelling
El Nino
Flooding in East Pacific, warmer temperatures overall
Upwelling
The rising of deep, cold, fish-attracting, nutrient-rich water to the ocean surface
El Nino
Causes Indonesia, Australia, Philippines to experience failed crops and South America to face flooding
La Nina
More extreme normal conditions
La Nina
Originates in central and eastern Pacific Ocean
La Nina
Trade winds strengthen, good fishing in the East Pacific, very wet West Pacific, upwelling and very good East Pacific fishing
La Nina
Drought in the East Pacific, lowers temperatures overall
La Nina
Causes flooding in Australia and southeast Asia, good fishing in South American west coast i.e. Peru and Ecuador
Rain shadow effect
When moist air from an ocean or large lake hits the windward side of a mountain, air rises and cools, causing water vapor to condense and precipitate
Rain shadow effect
Causes a dry climate on the other side of a mountain, example is Andes Mountains/Atacama Desert
Lake shadow effect
Air over land heats, warm air rises and meets cold air, causes snow/rain
Hotter
Are low latitudes hotter or cooler than high ones?
Currents
Distribute thermal energy globally, cooling low latitudes and warming high latitudes
Inversion layers
Layers of air that do not mix because different temperatures leading to different densities and trapping air pollution due to rapid cooling at night, high-pressure systems, mountain basins or valleys, and warm fronts