Medical Terminology Chapter 12: Digestive System

Aliment/o

Digestion, Nourishment

An/o

Anus

Bucc/o

Cheek

Chol/e

Bile

Cholecyst/o

Gall Bladder

Col/o, Colon/o

Colon

Dent/o, Odont/o

Tooth

Duoden/o

Duodenum

Enter/o

Intestine

Hemo/o, Hemat/o

Blood

Hepat/o

Liver

Herni/o

Herina

Labi/o

Lip

Or/o

Mouth

Peps/o

Digestion

Phag/o

Eat, Swallow

Pharyng/o

Pharynx

Proct/o

Anus, Rectum

Pylor/o

Pylorus of the stomach

Sial/o

Saliva

Sigmoid/o

Sigmoid Colon

Endo-

In, Within

Exo-

Outside

Hyper-

Excessive, Fast

Hypo-

Slow

Peri-

Around, Surrounding

Pre-

Before

Post-

After

Retro-

Behind, Backword

-Algia, -Dyina

Pain

-Ase

Enzyme

-Cele

Herniation, Protrusion

-Emsis

Vomiting

-Gen

Origin, Producing

-Iasis

Condition of

-Malacia

Softening

-Megaly

Enlargement

-Prandial

Meal

-Ptosis

Drooping, Sagging

-Malacia

Softening

-Rrhaphy

Suture

-Stenosis

Stricture, Narrowing

-Stomy

Surgical Opening

-Tripsy

Crushing

Anorexia

Loss of appetite

Anorexia Nervosa

Sustained loss of appetites even when underweight

Bolus

Ball of chewed food ready to be swallowed

Defecation

Expelling Feces

Feces

Solid waste, stool

Chyme

Partially digested food passing into intestines

Deglutition

The act of swallowing

Digestion

All process that change food into usable form for the body

Eructation

Burp or Belch

Flatus

Gas passed through anus

Halitosis

Bad breath

Hematochezia

Passing bloody stool

Inguinal

Pertaining to the groin

Mastication

Chewing

Melena

Black tarry stools

Nausea

The urge to vomit

Occult blood

Mircroscoping size blood in the stool

Peristalsis

Involuntary movement of food through the intestines

Postprandial

After a meal

Regurgitation

Vomit

Ascites

Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal bladder

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gall bladder

Cholelithiasis

Gall stones

Cirrhosis

Chronic liver disease

Constipation

Reeducation in number of bowel movements, difficult bowel movements

Diarrhea

Liquid or semi formed stool

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of the diverticulum

Dysentery

Severe infection with blood and mucus in the stool

Dyspepsia

Indigestion

Dysphasia

Difficultly swallowing

Gastroenteritis

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines

Gastrosophageal Reflux Disease, GERD

Backward flow of the stomach acid into the esophagus

Hemorrhoids

Varicose veins in the anus

Hepatomegaly

Enlarged Liver

Incontinence

Inability to control evacuation of urine

Intussusception

Folding of one section of intestine into another

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Condition with alternating diarrhea and constipation

Polyp

Abnormal tissue growth and protrudes from a surface

Polyposis

More than one polyp

Pruritis Ani

Itching around the anus

Anastomosis

Surgical connection between two sections of intestines

Cholelithotripsy

Crushing of gall stones

Glossography

Suturing of the tongue

Polypectomy

Removal of polyp