Comprehensive Study Guide to Ionic and Molecular Compounds, Bonding, and Nomenclature

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering atomic structure, valence electrons, classification of compounds, properties and naming of binary ionic and molecular compounds, and multivalent metal nomenclature.

Protons make up the positive part of each atom and are located at the center in the __________ along with the neutrons.

nucleus

Electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom are known as __________ electrons.

valence

For the first horizontal row of elements (hydrogen and helium), the outer electron shell can hold a maximum of __________ electrons.

two

A compound is a pure substance made up of two or more elements that are __________ combined.

chemically

An atom that gains or loses an electron is no longer neutral in charge and is called an __________.

ion

In chemical bonding, an atom with a positive charge is known as a cation, whereas an atom with a negative charge is known as an __________.

anion

During chemical reactions, metals like sodium tend to lose electrons, while non-metals like chlorine tend to __________ electrons.

gain

An ionic bond is defined as the attraction between ions of __________ charge.

opposite

Ionic compounds have high melting points, form crystals, are solids at room temperature, and dissolve in water to form solutions that __________.

conduct electricity

In an ionic compound, ions of opposite charge attract each other in all directions to form a regular, patterned, three-dimensional structure called a __________.

crystal lattice

An ionic compound typically forms between a metal and a non-metal, whereas a molecular compound forms when __________ elements combine.

non-metal

A covalent bond is defined as the __________ of a pair of electrons.

sharing

Compared to ionic compounds, molecular compounds usually have relatively __________ boiling points.

low

A diatomic molecule forms when an atom of an element shares electrons with another atom of the __________ element to exist stably in nature.

same

In chemical formulas, small numbers called __________ indicate how many atoms or ions of each element are present in the compound.

subscripts

When writing the chemical formula for an ionic compound, the symbol of the __________ is always written first.

cation

A binary compound is a compound that consists of only __________ types of elements.

two

To name a binary ionic compound, write the name of the metal followed by the name of the non-metal ending with the suffix __________.

-ide

For multivalent metals that have more than one possible charge, __________ numerals are used in the name to indicate which charge is present.

Roman

The binary ionic compound $\text{CaO}$ is named __________.

Calcium Oxide

The multivalent ionic compound $\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3$ is named __________.

Iron (III) oxide

The chemical formula for the binary ionic compound magnesium bromide is __________.

$$\text{MgBr}_2$$

The chemical formula for the binary ionic compound barium phosphide is __________.

$$\text{Ba}_3\text{P}_2$$

One molecule of methane ($\text{CH}_4$) consists of 1 carbon atom chemically combined with __________ hydrogen atoms.

$$4$$