work and energy flashcards

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Last updated 1:16 AM on 10/11/26
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17 Terms

1
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what is work? what is the formula? and what do the variables stand for?

applying a force over a distance

U = F x D

F - weight lifted

D - distance lifted

2
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work is U = F x D, what is the relationship between force and distance?

force and distance/displacement are inversely related

if force inc, then distance dec

if force dec, then distance inc

3
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what units is work measured in?

JOULES (even though it looks like it should be Nm)

4
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what is the definition of energy?

the capacity to do work

5
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what are the 5 types of energy?

  • potential energy

  • kinetic energy

  • strain energy

  • thermal energy

  • mechanical energy


6
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what is potential energy? formula? units?

the capacity to do work due to an object’s position

PE = m x g x h

remember weight is m x g so PE can also be PE = W x h

measured in Nm or Joules

<p>the capacity to do work due to an object’s position </p><p>PE = m x g x h </p><p>remember weight is m x g so PE can also be PE = W x h</p><p>measured in Nm or Joules</p>
7
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what is kinetic energy? formula? units?

the capacity to do work due to an object’s motion

KE = ½ x m x v²

measured in Joules or Nm

<p>the capacity to do work due to an object’s motion</p><p>KE = ½ x m x v²</p><p>measured in Joules or Nm</p>
8
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what is the relationship between mass and velocity in kinetic energy? which one has larger effect and why?

mass and velocity are inversely proportional

  • mass inc, velocity dec

  • mass dec, velocity inc

velocity has a larger effect bc it is squared

<p>mass and velocity are inversely proportional</p><ul><li><p>mass inc, velocity dec</p></li><li><p>mass dec, velocity inc</p></li></ul><p>velocity has a larger effect bc it is squared</p>
9
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what is strain energy? formula? units?

the capacity to do work due to the deformation of an object (a type of potential energy)

SE = ½ x k x x²

  • k is the stiffness of the material

  • x is the deformation of the material

measured in Nm or J


<p>the capacity to do work due to the deformation of an object (a type of potential energy)</p><p>SE = ½ x k x x²</p><ul><li><p>k is the stiffness of the material</p></li><li><p>x is the deformation of the material</p></li></ul><p>measured in Nm or J</p><p></p>
10
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what is the relationship between k and x in strain energy? which has a larger effect?

k and x are inversely proportional

  • k inc, x dec

  • k dec, x inc

deformation (x) because it is squared

11
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what is thermal energy and what causes it?

heat production through the loss of kinetic energy from the system into surrounding molecules

caused by friction

<p>heat production through the loss of kinetic energy from the system into surrounding molecules </p><p>caused by friction </p>
12
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what is the work - energy relationship?

work = energy is transferred from one object to another

basically just passing energy around not creating new energy

<p>work = energy is transferred from one object to another </p><p>basically just passing energy around not creating new energy</p>
13
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how do you do work to increase energy?

apply work (a force over a distance) to increase energy in an object

impulse - momentum - impulse

  • impulse to start motion

  • momentum to continue it

  • impulse to stop motion


<p>apply work (a force over a distance) to increase energy in an object </p><p>impulse - momentum - impulse</p><ul><li><p>impulse to start motion</p></li><li><p>momentum to continue it</p></li><li><p>impulse to stop motion</p></li></ul><p></p>
14
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<p>understand the impulse - momentum - impulse in these pictures </p>

understand the impulse - momentum - impulse in these pictures

impulse starts the motion, momentum continues it in the trajectory, impulse (the target in the second pic) stops the motion

15
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how do you do work to decrease (absorb) energy?

you can manipulate the F and t variables to change how you absorb energy

LOOK AT PIC

<p>you can manipulate the F and t variables to change how you absorb energy</p><p>LOOK AT PIC </p>
16
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what is the main principle of conservation of mechanical energy?

potential energy <-> kinetic energy

energy is never created or destroyed, only transferred

the amount of energy is the same (mechanical energy)

ME = PE + KE

<p>potential energy &lt;-&gt; kinetic energy </p><p>energy is never created or destroyed, only transferred</p><p>the amount of energy is the same (mechanical energy) </p><p>ME = PE + KE </p>
17
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<p>another example of the conservation of mechanical energy</p>

another example of the conservation of mechanical energy

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