Chapter 11 Reproduction Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing key terms and concepts from Chapter 11 Reproduction lecture notes.

Reproduction

The formation of new organisms of the same kind through previously existing ones.

Importance of Reproduction

Ensures the continuation of generation and prevents the extinction of species.

Asexual Reproduction

A uniparental, fast reproduction process where gametes are not involved, resulting in very little or no variation and forming clones.

Sexual Reproduction

A biparental, slow reproduction process where gametes are involved, resulting in major variation.

Clones

Offspring formed as a result of asexual reproduction due to the absence of variation.

Vegetative Propagation

The formation of new plants using existing plant parts like roots, stem, leaves, or buds without seeds.

Budding

An asexual reproduction process seen in unicellular organisms (Yeast) and simple multicellular organisms (Hydra), where a small outgrowth forms on the body due to repeated cell division, uptakes nutrients, seals off its base, and separates.

Spore Formation

A mode of asexual reproduction observed in bread mould involving structures such as Sporagium and Rhizoids.

Layering

A method of plant propagation where a small branch of the plant is bent over the soil surface and layered with soil and compost so that the layered portion forms a new root and stem.

Tissue Culture

A rapid method of growing an entire plant in vitro using nutrients and controlled environmental conditions starting from a single cell or tissue.

Cutting

A vegetative propagation technique where a cut portion of an existing plant is partially inserted in soil with nutrients and water, allowing the bud present in the cut part to sprout into root and shoot.

Grafting

A vegetative propagation technique where a cut plant part is inserted into another plant at a prepared site, wrapped in cloth to prevent pests entry, and left to heal so both parts grow together.